Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьňa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-injāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-n-yeh₂, from *-nós + *-yeh₂. Cognate with Lithuanian -inė (< Proto-Baltic *-ini̯a). By surface analysis, *-ьnъ +‎ *-ja.

Suffix

*-ьňa f (masculine *-ьňь)

1. Forms feminine nouns

   ‎*viš- + ‎*-ьňa → ‎*višьňa

Declension

Declension of *-ьňa (soft a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ьňa	*-ьňi	*-ьňę̇
genitive	*-ьňę̇	*-ьňu	*-ьňь
dative	*-ьňi	*-ьňama	*-ьňamъ
accusative	*-ьňǫ	*-ьňi	*-ьňę̇
instrumental	*-ьňejǫ, *-ьňǫ**	*-ьňama	*-ьňami
locative	*-ьňi	*-ьňu	*-ьňasъ, *-ьňaxъ*
vocative	*-ьňe	*-ьňi	*-ьňę̇

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьňa

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrvьňa

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: -ьнꙗ (-ĭnja)
    • Old Ruthenian: -нꙗ (-nja)
      • Belarusian: -ня (-nja)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: -ня (-nja)
      • Ukrainian: -ня (-nja)
    • Russian: -ня (-nja)
  • Old Novgorodian: -ьнꙗ (-ĭnja)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Glagolitic script: -ⱐⱀⱑ (-ĭně)

    Old Cyrillic script: -ьнꙗ (-ĭnja)

    • Bulgarian: -ня (-nja), -на (-na)
    • Macedonian: -на (-na)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: -ња

    Latin script: -nja

  • Slovene: -nja (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech:
    • Czech:
  • Old Polish: -nia
    • Polish: -nia
    • Silesian: -nia
  • Old Slovak: -ňa
    • Pannonian Rusyn: -ня (-nja)
    • Slovak: -ňa
  • Polabian:
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: -nia
    • Slovincian:
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: -nja