Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kydati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kūˀdā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd-. Cognate with Sanskrit चोदति (códati, “to impel”), Old Norse skjóta (“to shoot, to shove”), English shoot, perhaps Albanian hedh (“to throw”). Per Derksen, the lengthened root vowel reflects Winter's law. Vasmer additionally includes Latvian kûdinât, kûdît (“to urge, to drive”), German hutzen (“to urge”), Sanskrit स्कुन्दते (skúndate, “to hurry”).
Verb edit
*kỳdati impf (perfective *kydnǫti)[1][2][3]
Inflection edit
Conjugation of *kydati, *kyda, *kydajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *kydanьje | *kydati | *kydatъ | *kydalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *kydanъ | *kydajemъ |
| Active | *kydavъ | *kydaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kydaxъ | *kyda | *kyda | *kydajǫ | *kydaješi | *kydajetь |
| Dual | *kydaxově | *kydasta | *kydaste | *kydajevě | *kydajeta | *kydajete |
| Plural | *kydaxomъ | *kydaste | *kydašę | *kydajemъ | *kydajete | *kydajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kydaaxъ | *kydaaše | *kydaaše | — | *kydaji | *kydaji |
| Dual | *kydaaxově | *kydaašeta | *kydaašete | *kydajivě | *kydajita | — |
| Plural | *kydaaxomъ | *kydaašete | *kydaaxǫ | *kydajimъ | *kydajite | — |
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading edit
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кида́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 561
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kydati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 252
References edit
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kydati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 264: “v. ‘throw, fling’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “kydati: kydajǫ kydajetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a kaste (PR 133; MP 22)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “kídati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*ky̋dati”