Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/snъxa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *snušā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *snusós.

Noun

*snъxà f

1. daughter-in-law

Declension

Declension of *snъxà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*snъxà	*snъ̀śě	*snъxỳ
genitive	*snъxỳ	*snъxù	*snъ̀xъ
dative	*snъśě̀	*snъxàma	*snъxàmъ
accusative	*snъxǫ̀	*snъ̀śě	*snъxỳ
instrumental	*snъxòjǫ, *snъ̀xǫ**	*snъxàma	*snъxàmī
locative	*snъśě̀	*snъxù	*snъxàsъ, *snъxàxъ*
vocative	*snъxo	*snъ̀śě	*snъxỳ

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Declension of *snъxà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*snъxà	*snъ̏śě	*snъ̏xy
genitive	*snъxý	*snъxù	*snъ̀xъ
dative	*snъśě̀	*snъxàma	*snъxàmъ
accusative	*snъ̏xǫ	*snъ̏śě	*snъ̏xy
instrumental	*snъxojǫ́	*snъxàma	*snъxàmi
locative	*snъ̏śě	*snъxù	*snъxàsъ, *snъxàxъ*
vocative	*snъxo	*snъ̏śě	*snъ̏xy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

See also

Proto-Slavic family terms

*sěmьja, *rodina (“family”)	Male	Female
parent	*otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata	*mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama
sibling	*bratrъ (“brother”)	*sestra (“sister”)
child	*synъ (“son”)	*dъťi (“daughter”)
grandparent	– (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana	*ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena
grandchild	*vъnukъ (“grandson”)	*vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
stepparent	*otьčimъ (“stepfather”)	*maťexa (“stepmother”)
stepchild	*pastorъkъ (“stepson”)	*pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
father's sibling	*strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
mother's sibling	*ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola	– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja
sibling's child	*netьjь (“nephew”)	*nestera (“niece”)
spouse	*mǫžь (“husband”)	*žena (“wife”)
parent of wife	*tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”)	*tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
parent of husband	*svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”)	*svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
sibling of wife	*šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”)	*svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
sibling of husband	*děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”)	*zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
spouse of child	*zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”)	*snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
spouse of husband's brother	–	*ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)

Descendants

• Church Slavonic: снъха (snŭxa) (Serbian)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: снъха (snŭxa, “daughter-in-law”)
    • Belarusian: сныха́ (snyxá, “a lively girl”) (dialectal)
    • Russian: сноха́ (snoxá, “(father's) daughter-in-law”)
  • Old Novgorodian: снъха (snŭxa)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: снаха́ (snahá, “daughter-in-law, sister-in-law”)
  • Macedonian: сна́а (snáa)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: сна̀ха, сна̀ја, сна́ша

    Latin: snàha, snàja, snáša

    • → Czech: snacha
    • Chakavian (Novi): snahȁ
    • Kajkavian (Bednja): snīēhȍ, snehoȗ
  • Slovene: snáha, snéha (“daughter-in-law, bride”) (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Polish: snecha (obsolete)
  • Kashubian: sënëcha

References

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “сноха́”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 182
• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*snъxà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 458
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сноха́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress