Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/valъ
Proto-Slavic edit
Etymology edit
Probably convergence of two or more cognate terms, at least some of which reflect Proto-Balto-Slavic *wālás (o-stem) ~ *wālús (u-stem), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to revolve”). Cognate with Lithuanian võlas (“clump, rolling, large wave”), dial. Latvian vā̀ls, vâls (“descend”).
Some descendants have added/innovated (possibly in post proto-Slavic period) the meaning “barrage, wall” under the influence of akin Latin vallum, Proto-Germanic *wallą.
Noun edit
- roll, slump, downturn
- Synonym: *katъ
- (by extension) wave, billow
- (possibly deverbalial from *vaľati) roller, cylinder (tool/shape)
- Synonym: *vaľakъ
- (by extension, possibly post-Slavic) barrage, heap, dyke, embankment
- Synonym: *sъpъ
Declension edit
Both o- and u-stem paradigms are attested, without clarity which meaning comes from which declension type:
Declension of *vȃlъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
Declension of *vȃlъ (u-stem, accent paradigm c)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
- *valiti (“to fall, to tumble”), *vaľati (“to roll, to scend”)
- *valovati (“to roll over, to undulate”)
- *valъkъ (“cylindrical, rolled up”)
- *vьlna (“wave”)
Descendants edit
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: val (“wave”)
References edit
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “valъ valu”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (NA 127, 137; PR 137); d (RPT 99, 103)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “val”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *vȃlъ”
Further reading edit
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “вал”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вал¹, вал²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 113
- “volas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012