Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/znati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źnōˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).

Verb

*znàti^[1]^[2]^[3]

to know

Conjugation

Conjugation of *znati, *zna, *znajetь (?, -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*znanьje	*znati	*znatъ	*znalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*znanъ	*znajemъ
Active	*znavъ	*znaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*znaxъ	*zna	*zna	*znajǫ	*znaješi	*znajetь
Dual	*znaxově	*znasta	*znaste	*znajevě	*znajeta	*znajete
Plural	*znaxomъ	*znaste	*znašę	*znajemъ	*znajete	*znajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*znaaxъ	*znaaše	*znaaše	—	*znaji	*znaji
Dual	*znaaxově	*znaašeta	*znaašete	*znajivě	*znajita	—
Plural	*znaaxomъ	*znaašete	*znaaxǫ	*znajimъ	*znajite	—

Derived terms

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: знати (znati)
  - Old Ruthenian: зна́ти (znáti)
    - Belarusian: знаць (znacʹ)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: зна́ти (znáty)
    - Ukrainian: зна́ти (znáty)
  - Russian: знать (znatʹ)
- Old Novgorodian: ꙁна́ти (znáti)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: знати (znati)
- Bulgarian: знам (znam), зна́я (znája)
- Macedonian: знае (znae)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: зна̏ти
  
  Latin script: znȁti
- Slovene: znáti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: znáti
  - Czech: znát
- Old Polish: znać
  - Polish: znać
  - Silesian: znać
- Old Slovak: znať
  - Pannonian Rusyn: знац (znac)
  - Slovak: znať
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: znac
  - Slovincian: znac
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: znać
  - Lower Sorbian: znaś

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*znàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 546: “v. (a) ‘know’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “znati: znajǫ znajetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 204, 207, 246; PR 133)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “znáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*zna̋ti, sed. *zna̋jǫ”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*znàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 546: “v. (a) ‘know’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “znati: znajǫ znajetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 204, 207, 246; PR 133)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “znáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*zna̋ti, sed. *zna̋jǫ”

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