Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/karga

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Gagauz and Tuvan point to a long vowel. Therefore Talât Tekin (1995) reconstructs it as *kārga.

Noun

*karga

1. crow

Descendants

• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: qarğa
    • Ottoman Turkish:
      • Gagauz: gaarga
      • Turkish: karga
  • Salar: garğa
  • Turkmen: garga
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (qarğa)
    • Chagatai:
      • Uyghur: [script needed] (qarğa)
      • Uzbek: qargʻa
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: ҡарға (qarğa)
    • Tatar: карга (qarga)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (qarğa)
    • Kumyk: [script needed] (qarğa)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Karakalpak: [script needed] (qarğa)
      • Kazakh: қарға (qarğa)
      • Nogai: карга (karga)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: карга (karga)
      • Southern Altai: [script needed] (qarğa)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic:
    • Old Kirghiz:
      • Khakas: [script needed] (xarğa)
      • Shor: [script needed] (qarğa)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qarğa)
      • Western Yugur: [script needed] (qər'ɣɑ)
    • Sayan:
      • Tofa: [script needed] (kargan)
      • Tuvan: каарган (kaargan)

References

• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*KArga”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill