Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kudruk

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic edit

Etymology edit

Derived from the unattested stem *kudu-r-. Cognate with Proto-Mongolic *kudurga (“crupper”) and Proto-Tungusic *xürgü (“tail”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun edit

*kudruk

(zootomy) tail

Declension edit

Declension of *kudruk

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*kudruk
Accusative	kudruknï, kudrukug ⁴⁾, *kudruknïg ¹⁾
Genitive	*kudruknïŋ
Dative	*kudrukka
Locative	*kudrukda
Ablative	*kudrukdan
Allative	*kudrukgaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*kudrukun
Equative ²⁾	*kudrukča
Similative ²⁾	*kudruklayu
Comitative ²⁾	*kudruklugu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

Oghur:
- Chuvash: хӳре (hüre)
→? Proto-Mongolic: *kudurga
- Mongolian: хударга (xudarga)
- East Yugur: ghudurgha
Common Turkic:

Karakhanid: قُذْرُقْ (quδruq), قُیرُقْ (quyruq) (Late Karakhanid)
- Khorezmian Turkic: قُذرُق (quδruq)
Arghu:
- Khalaj: qudruq
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: قُيرُقْ
  - Azerbaijani: quyruq
  - Ottoman Turkish: قویروق (quyruq)
    - Gagauz: kuyruk
    - Turkish: kuyruk
- Salar: guruq
- Turkmen: guýruk
Kipchak:
- Kipchak: cuyrug
- Kipchak: قويرق (quyruɣ)
- Mamluk-Kipchak: قُيرُغ (quyruɣ), قُيرُق (quyruq)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: quyruq
  - Karachay-Balkar: къуйрукъ (quyruq)
  - Karaim:
    - Cyrillic script: куйрук
    - Latin script: kuyruk
  - Kumyk: къуйрукъ (quyruq)
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ҡойроҡ (qoyroq)
  - Tatar: койрык (qoyrıq)
- South Kipchak:
  - Kipchak-Nogai:
    - Karakalpak: quyrıq
    - Kazakh: құйрық (qūiryq)
    - Nogai: куйрык (kuyrık)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: куйрук (kuyruk)
    - Southern Altai: куйрук (kuyruk)
Karluk:
- Chagatai: [script needed] (quyruɣ)
  - Uzbek: quyruq
  - Uyghur: قۇيرۇق (quyruq)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰆𐰑𐰺𐰆𐰸 (qudruq)
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qudruq)
    - Western Yugur: [script needed] (guzuruq)
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: кутурук (kuturuk)
  - Yakut: кутурук (kuturuk)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Soyot: қудуруқ, қудурық, қудырық
    - Tofa: ӄудуруӄ, қудуруқ
    - Tuvan: кудурук (kuduruk)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: хузурух (xuzurux)
    - Fu-yü Gïrgïs: guzruh
    - Shor: қузуруқ (quzuruq)

East Slavic:
- → Belarusian: курдзю́к (kurdzjúk)
- → Russian: курдю́к (kurdjúk)
- → Ukrainian: курдю́к (kurdjúk)

References edit

Clauson, Gerard (1972), “kuḏruk”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 604
Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*Kudruk”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill