Obsolete German for several Slaw languages; appears or appeared in dozens of existent or no-longer-existent place-names in eastern Germany and what is now Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, and Austria. In Austria's southernmost state, Carinthia, the term was used for the indigenous Slav population and language until rising nationalism termed them Slovene. Rejected by Slovenes, "Windisch" turned pejorative and has for a century been used by and for the German Austria-friendly Carinthians using their dialect and rejecting standardized Slovene.

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