User:Victar/Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰel-

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European edit

Root edit

*ǵʰel-^[1]

to shine, sparkle

Derived terms edit

Lua error in Module:rootsee at line 96: Unable to infer source from pagename 'User:Victar/Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰel-' as it isn't a Reconstruction or Appendix page

*ǵʰel-o-s (“shining”)
- Proto-Celtic: *gelos (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰle-s- (“to shine, glare”)
- Proto-Germanic: *glēzāną (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰle-n̥-dʰ- (“to shine, make clear”, nasal-infix+dental extension)
- Proto-Celtic: *glandeti (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Slavic: *glenˀd- (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰley- (“to shine”)
- *ǵʰley-dʰ- (“to glide”, dental extension)
  - Proto-Germanic: *glīdaną (see there for further descendants)
  - *ǵʰlidʰ-néh₂-^[2]
    - Proto-Germanic: *glittōną
- *ǵʰli-s-né- (“to shine, sparkle”)
  - Proto-Germanic: *glisnōną
    - Old Danish: glisse
    - Old English: glisnian
      - English: glisten
    - Old Frisian: glisa
- *ǵʰli-w-eh₁- (“to shine, sparkle”)
  - Proto-Germanic: *gliwēną
    - Old Norse: gljá
      - Faroese: glíggja
      - Norwegian: gljå, glå (dialectal)
      - Swedish: gli (dialectal)
- *ǵʰli-s-t-r-
  - Middle High German: glistern
- *ǵʰli-t-r-
  - Proto-Germanic: *glitrojaną
    - Old English glitorian
    - Middle High German: glitzern
    - Old Norse glitra
*gʰleh₂-dʰ- (“bright. shining, smooth, slick”, extended)
*ǵʰl̥-nó-s (“clean, clear”)
- Proto-Celtic: *glanos (see there for further descendants)
  - Proto-Celtic: *glanī
    - Proto-Brythonic: *glėn
      - Welsh: glain
    - Old Irish: glain
*ǵʰl-stó- (“shine”)
- Middle High German: glasta
*ǵʰlo- (o-stem)
- *ǵʰlo-n-d- (nasal-infix+dental extension)
  - *ǵʰlond-o-s (“shining, bright”)^[2]
    - Proto-Germanic: *glantaz
      - Old High German: glanz
        Middle High German: glanz
        → German: Glanz
    - *ǵʰlond-ye- (“to shine, be bright”, ye-present)^[2]
      - Proto-Germanic: *glantjaną
        Old Norse:
        Faroese: gletta
        
        Icelandic: gletta
        
        Middle Norwegian: gletta (dialectal)
        Norwegian: gletta (dialectal)
        
        Swedish: glänta (dialectal)
- *ǵʰlo-w-H- (“shining, bright, clear”)^[2]
  - *ǵʰlowH-ó-s^[2]
    - Proto-Germanic: *glawwaz, *glawwuz (“clear-sighted”) (see there for further descendants)
  - *ǵʰlowH-r-^[2]
    - Proto-Celtic: *glouros (see there for further descendants)

References edit

^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 440
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[IEW-1] Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 440

[Kroonen-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[1]

[2]