Wiktionary:Greek transliteration/Old
The table below is now superseded by Wiktionary:Greek transliteration
Important note:
- The transliteration of Greek letters into Roman characters is not to intended provide a phonetic representation of a word. The correct place for the pronunciation of a word is in the ===Pronunciation=== section.
- Romanisation is a (usually systematic) respelling of a word in Roman characters intended for those who cannot read foreign alphabets or who lack the necessary fonts.
There are a number of bodies working on tables for the transliteration of Greek words into Roman script. These are those where a reproducible methodology is essential, chiefly geographers and librarians who need to fix the Romanised equivalent of a Greek placename or book name. There is a similar page covering Ancient Greek transliteration
The following will help identify the sources mentioned at the head of the table below:
- Working Group on Romanization Systems of United Nations group of experts on geographical names (UNGEGN).
- PCGN The Permanent Committee on Geographical Names (for British official use).
- American Library Association, Library of Congress
English Wiktionary | ELOT 743 BGN/PCGN 1996 |
UN (ELOT 743) 1987 |
ALA-LC 1997 |
BGN/PCGN 1962 | |
α | a | a | a | a | a |
αι | ai | ai | ai | ai | e |
άι | ái | ái | ái | ai | é |
αϊ | aï | aï | aï | ai | aï |
αυ | av, af, ay [1] | av, af, ay [1] | av, af [2] | au | av |
β | v | v | v | b, v | v |
γ | g | g | g | g | g, y [3] |
γγ | ng | ng | ng [4] | ng | ng |
γξ | nx | nx | nx [4] | nx | nx |
γκ | gk | gk | gk | nk | g, ng [5] |
γχ | nch | nch | nch [4] | nch | nkh |
δ | d | d | d | d | dh, d [6] |
ε | e | e | e | e | e |
ει | ei | ei | ei | ei | i |
έι | éi | éi | ei | í | |
εϊ | eï | eï | ei | eï | eï |
ευ | ev, ef, ey [7] | ev, ef, ey [7] | ev, ef [8] | eu | ev |
ζ | z | z | z | z | z |
η | i | i | i | i [4] | i |
ηυ | iv, if, iy [9] | iv, if, iy [9] | iv, if [4][10] | ēu | iv |
θ | th | th | th | th | th |
ι | i | i | i | i | i |
κ | k | k | k | k | k |
λ | l | l | l | l | l |
μ | m | m | m | m | m |
μπ | b, mp [11] | b, mp [11] | b, mp [11] | b [12] | b, mp [11] |
ν | n | n | n | n | n |
ντ | nt | nt | nt | d [12] | d, nd, nt [13] |
ξ | x | x | x | x | x |
ο | o | o | o | o | o |
οι | oi | oi | oi | oi | i |
όι | ói | ói | oi | í | |
οϊ | oï | oï | oï | oi | oï |
ου | ou, oy [14] | ou, oy [14] | ou | ou | ou |
π | p | p | p | p | p |
ρ | r | r | r | r | r |
σ, ς | s | s [15] | s | s | s |
τ | t | t | t | t | t |
υ | y | y | y | y, u [16] | i |
υι | yi | yi | yi | i | |
φ | f | f | f | ph | f |
χ | ch | ch | ch | ch | kh |
ψ | ps | ps | ps | ps | ps |
ω | o [4] | o | o [4] | o | o |
NotesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 av - before β, γ, δ, ζ, λ, μ, ν, ρ and vowels, af - before θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, τ, φ, χ, ψ and at the end of a word, ay - after accented vowel or when ϋ
- ^ av - before β, γ, δ, ζ, λ, μ, ν, ρ and vowels, af - before θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, τ, φ, χ, ψ and at the end of a word
- ^ y - before αι, ε, ει, η, ι, οι, υ, υι
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 a macron can be added to aid reversibility
- ^ g at the beginning of a word, ng in medial position
- ^ d - between ν and ρ
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 ev - before β, γ, δ, ζ, λ, μ, ν, ρ and vowels, ef - before θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, τ, φ, χ, ψ and at the end of a word, ey - after accented vowel or when ϋ
- ^ ev - before β, γ, δ, ζ, λ, μ, ν, ρ and vowels, ef - before θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, τ, φ, χ, ψ and at the end of a word
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 iv - before β, γ, δ, ζ, λ, μ, ν, ρ and vowels, if - before θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, τ, φ, χ, ψ and at the end of a word, iy - after accented vowel or when ϋ
- ^ iv - before β, γ, δ, ζ, λ, μ, ν, ρ and vowels, if - before θ, κ, ξ, π, σ, τ, φ, χ, ψ and at the end of a word
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 b initially or terminally; medially mp
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 initially only
- ^ d - initially, nd = medially, nt in ντζ
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 oy when όυ or οϋ
- ^ ς when terminal
- ^ u in αυ, ευ, ηυ, ου