Wiktionary:Laz transliteration
These are the rules concerning transliteration in Laz entries.
Mkhedruli (Wiktionary standard) | Transliteration (Wiktionary standard) | IPA[1] | Nenapuna & BLS[2][3] | Aleksiva 2020[1] | Kojima–Bucaklişi & Lazca Sözlük[4][5] | Kojima[6] | Erten[7] | Benli[8] | Özşahin[9] | Adjarian[10] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ა | a | [ɑ] | a | a | a | a | a | a | a | a |
ბ | b | [b] | b | b | b | b | b | b | b | b |
გ | g | [ɡ] | g | g | g | g[11] | g | g | g | g |
დ | d | [d] | d | d | d | d | d | d | d | d |
ე | e | [ɛ] | e | e | e | e | e | e | e | e |
ვ | v | [v] ~ [w][12] | v | v | v | v | v | v | v | v |
ზ | z | [z] | z | z | z | z | z | z | z | z |
თ | t | [tʰ] | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t |
ი | i | [i] | i | i | i | i | i | i | i | i |
კ | ǩ | [kʼ] | ǩ | ǩ | ǩ | k’[13] | k’ | k̂ | ǩ | k[14] |
ლ | l | [l] | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l |
მ | m | [m] | m | m | m | m | m | m | m | m |
ნ | n | [n] | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n |
ჲ | y | [j] | y | y | y | y | y | y | y | y |
ო | o | [ɔ] | o | o | o | o | o | o | o | o |
პ | p̌ | [pʼ] | p̌ | p̌ | p̌ | p’ | p’ | p̂ | p̌ | p[15] |
ჟ | j | [ʒ] | j | j | j | j | j | j | j | ž |
რ | r | [ɹ][12] | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r |
ს | s | [s] | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s |
ტ | ť | [tʼ] | ť | ť | ť | t’ | t’ | t̂ | ť | t[16] |
უ | u | [u] | u | u | u | u | u | u | u | u |
ფ | p | [pʰ] | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | p |
ქ | k | [kʰ] | k | k | k | k[17] | k | k | k | k |
ღ | ğ | [ɣ] | ğ | ğ | ğ | ğ | ğ | ğ | ğ | ġ |
ყ | q | [qʼ] ~ [χʼ][3] | q | q̇ | q | x’ | q | — | q | q |
შ | ş | [ʃ] | ş | ş | ş | ş | ş | ş | ş | š |
ჩ | ç | [t͡ʃʰ] | ç | ç | ç | ç | ç | ç | ç | č |
ც | ʒ | [t͡sʰ] | ʒ | ʒ | ʒ | 3 | 3 | ʒ | ts | c |
ძ | ż | [d͡z] | ž | ž | ż | z* | z’ | ẑ | dz | ż |
წ | ǯ | [t͡sʼ] | ǯ | ǯ | ǯ | 3’ | 3’ | ʒ̂ | tz | c[18] |
ჭ | ç̌ | [t͡ʃʼ] | ç̌ | ç̌ | ç̌ | ç’ | c’ | ç̂ | ç̌ | č[19] |
ხ | x | [χ] | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
ჯ | c | [d͡ʒ] | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | ǰ |
ჰ | h | [h] | h | h | h | h | h | h | h | h |
ჶ | f | [f] | f | f | f | f | f | f | f | f |
Depending on typography, the horizontal uppermost section of ʒ and ǯ may appear curved upward. ǩ and ť may appear either with a caron or a stroke. ǩ, p̌, ť, ž, ǯ, ç̌ may use a breve instead of a caron: k̆, p̌, t̆, z̆, ʒ̆, ç̆.
Attestations in non-standard alphabets and transcriptions should be normalized to Wiktionary's standard system shown in the first column. უ̂ and ჳ should both be normalized to ვ. The glottal stop ჸ found in some works published in Georgia should be avoided.
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Aleksiva, Irfan Çağatay (2020) Dictionary of Laz Plant Names (LINCOM Scientific Dictionaries; 3), München: LINCOM GmbH, page 4, confusing ყ (q) with ჴ
- ^ Bucaklişi, İsmail Avcı; Uzunhasanoğlu, Hasan (1999) Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük / Lazuri-Turkuli Nenapuna [Laz–Turkish dictionary] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Akyüz Yayıncılık, page XIV
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bucaklişi, İsmail Avcı; Uzunhasanoğlu, Hasan; Aleksiva, Irfan (2007) Büyük Lazca Sözlük / Didi Lazuri Nenapuna [Great Laz Dictionary] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Chiviyazıları, page 18
- ^ Kojima, Gôichi; Bucaklişi, İsmail Avcı (2003) Lazca Gramer / Lazuri Grameri [Laz Grammar] (in Turkish), explanations in English by Gôichi Kojima and Eylem Bostancı, Istanbul: Chiviyazıları, →ISBN, page 31
- ^ Lazca Sözlük / Lazuri Nenapuna [Laz Dictionary][1] (in Turkish), Laz Enstitüsü, 2016–2018
- ^ Kojima, Gôichi (2012–) Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı[2] (in Turkish)
- ^ Erten, Metin (2000) Lazca-Türkçe, Türkçe-Lazca Sözlük [Laz–Turkish–Laz dictionary], Istanbul: Anahtar Kitaplar, pages 20–23
- ^ Benli, Faruk (2004) Lazuri-Turkili, Turkili-Lazuri Ansiklopedik Laksiyoni [Laz–Turkish–Laz Encyclopedic Dictionary], Istanbul: Kebikeç, often confuses consonants in his transcription
- ^ Özşahin, Bayram Ali (2016) Sarpişi Lazuri Nenapuna [Sarpi Village Laz Dictionary] (Lazika Sıra; 63) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Lazika, →ISBN, page 8
- ^ Adjarian, H. (1898), “Étude sur la langue laze”, in Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume X, page 147
- ^ the sequence gy is treated as a separate digraph
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Kojima, Gôichi (2010–) Grammaire laze / Laz Grammar / ラズ語文法 / Lazca gramer[3], retrieved 2022-12-11, Phonemics
- ^ the sequence ky’ is treated as a separate trigraph
- ^ not distinguished from ქ
- ^ not distinguished from ფ
- ^ not distinguished from თ
- ^ the sequence ky is treated as a separate digraph
- ^ not distinguished from ც
- ^ not distinguished from ჩ
Further readingEdit
- Anderson, Ralph Dewitt (1963) A Grammar of Laz, doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas
- Марр, Н. (1910), “Таблица I”, in Грамматика чанского (лазского) языка с хрестоматией и словарем [Grammar of the Chan (Laz) Language with a Reader and a Dictionary] (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 2) (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, pages 2–3