amino acid

See also: aminoacid and aminoàcid

English

Etymology

See amine and acid. Likely a calque of German Aminosäure, which is attested earlier.

Noun

amino acid (plural amino acids)

1. (organic chemistry) Any organic compound containing both an amino and a carboxylic acid functional group.
2. (biochemistry) Any of the twenty naturally occurring α-amino acids (having the amino, and carboxylic acid groups on the same carbon atom), and a variety of side chains, that combine, via peptide bonds, to form proteins.

Hyponyms

• essential amino acid
• nonessential amino acid
• See also Thesaurus:amino acid

Holonyms

• protein

Coordinate terms

amino acids

• alanine
• arginine
• asparagine
• aspartic acid
• cysteine
• glutamic acid
• glutamine
• glycine
• histidine
• isoleucine
• leucine
• lysine
• methionine
• phenylalanine
• proline
• serine
• threonine
• tryptophan
• tyrosine
• valine

Derived terms

• alpha-amino acid
• beta-amino acid
• deduced amino acid sequence
• essential amino acid
• glyco-amino-acid
• glycosyl-amino-acid
• non-essential amino acid
• nonessential amino acid
• β-amino acid

 

Related terms

• imino acid

Translations

any organic compound containing amino and carboxylic acid

• Arabic: حمض أميني‎ m (ḥimḍ amīni)
• Catalan: aminoàcid m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 氨基酸 (on¹ gei¹ syun¹)

  Mandarin: 氨基酸 (zh) (ānjīsuān), 胺基酸 (zh) (ānjīsuān, ànjīsuān)

  Min Nan: 胺基酸 (an-ki-sng)

• Czech: aminokyselina (cs) f
• Danish: aminosyre (da) c
• Dutch: aminozuur (nl) n
• Esperanto: amina acido
• Faroese: aminosýra f
• Finnish: aminohappo (fi)
• French: acide aminé (fr) m
• Galician: aminoácido (gl) m
• German: Aminosäure (de) f
• Greek: αμινοξύ (el) n (aminoxý)
• Hungarian: aminosav (hu)
• Icelandic: amínósýra f
• Ido: amin-acido (io)
• Indonesian: asam amino (id)
• Irish: aimínaigéad (ga) m
• Italian: amminoacido (it) m
• Japanese: アミノ酸 (ja) (アミノさん, amino-san)
• Javanese: asem amino
• Khmer: អាស៊ីតអាមីនេ (asit aminé)
• Korean: 아미노산 (ko) (aminosan)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: asîda amînî f

• Latvian: aminoskābe (lv) f
• Maori: waikawa amino
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: aminosyre (no) m or f

  Nynorsk: aminosyre f

• Polish: aminokwas (pl) m
• Portuguese: aminoácido (pt) m
• Romanian: aminoacid (ro) m
• Russian: аминокислота́ (ru) f (aminokislotá)
• Serbo-Croatian: aminokiselìna f
• Spanish: aminoácido (es) m
• Swedish: aminosyra (sv) c
• Turkish: aminoasit
• Welsh: asid amino m

any of the twenty α-amino acids

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 氨基酸 (zh) (ānjīsuān)

• Czech: aminokyselina (cs) f
• Danish: aminosyre (da) c
• Dutch: aminozuur (nl) n
• Esperanto: amina acido
• Finnish: aminohappo (fi)
• French: acide aminé (fr) m
• Galician: aminoácido (gl) m
• German: Aminosäure (de) f
• Greek: αμινοξύ (el) n (aminoxý)
• Hungarian: aminosav (hu)
• Ido: amin-acido (io)
• Irish: aimínaigéad (ga) m
• Italian: amminoacido (it) m
• Japanese: アミノ酸 (ja) (アミノさん, amino-san)
• Korean: 아미노산 (ko) (aminosan)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: asîda amînî f

• Latvian: aminoskābe (lv) f
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: aminosyre (no) m or f

  Nynorsk: aminosyre f

• Polish: aminokwas (pl) m
• Portuguese: aminoácido (pt) m
• Serbo-Croatian: aminokiselìna f
• Spanish: aminoácido (es) m
• Swedish: aminosyra (sv) c
• Turkish: aminoasit
• Welsh: asid amino m

Further reading

• amino acid on Wikipedia.Wikipedia