aspero

See also: áspero

Latin

Etymology

From asper (“rough”) +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈas.pe.roː/, [ˈäs̠pɛroː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈas.pe.ro/, [ˈäspero]

Verb

asperō (present infinitive asperāre, perfect active asperāvī, supine asperātum); first conjugation

1. to make rough or uneven, roughen
2. to make sharp, sharpen, whet
3. to make fierce, rouse up, excite, enrage, exasperate

Conjugation

   Conjugation of asperō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	asperō		asperās		asperat		asperāmus		asperātis		asperant
	imperfect	asperābam		asperābās		asperābat		asperābāmus		asperābātis		asperābant
	future	asperābō		asperābis		asperābit		asperābimus		asperābitis		asperābunt
	perfect	asperāvī		asperāvistī		asperāvit		asperāvimus		asperāvistis		asperāvērunt, asperāvēre
	pluperfect	asperāveram		asperāverās		asperāverat		asperāverāmus		asperāverātis		asperāverant
	future perfect	asperāverō		asperāveris		asperāverit		asperāverimus		asperāveritis		asperāverint
passive	present	asperor		asperāris, asperāre		asperātur		asperāmur		asperāminī		asperantur
	imperfect	asperābar		asperābāris, asperābāre		asperābātur		asperābāmur		asperābāminī		asperābantur
	future	asperābor		asperāberis, asperābere		asperābitur		asperābimur		asperābiminī		asperābuntur
	perfect	asperātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	asperātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	asperātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	asperem		asperēs		asperet		asperēmus		asperētis		asperent
	imperfect	asperārem		asperārēs		asperāret		asperārēmus		asperārētis		asperārent
	perfect	asperāverim		asperāverīs		asperāverit		asperāverīmus		asperāverītis		asperāverint
	pluperfect	asperāvissem		asperāvissēs		asperāvisset		asperāvissēmus		asperāvissētis		asperāvissent
passive	present	asperer		asperēris, asperēre		asperētur		asperēmur		asperēminī		asperentur
	imperfect	asperārer		asperārēris, asperārēre		asperārētur		asperārēmur		asperārēminī		asperārentur
	perfect	asperātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	asperātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		asperā		—		—		asperāte		—
	future	—		asperātō		asperātō		—		asperātōte		asperantō
passive	present	—		asperāre		—		—		asperāminī		—
	future	—		asperātor		asperātor		—		—		asperantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		asperāre			asperārī			asperāns			—
future		asperātūrum esse			asperātum īrī			asperātūrus			asperandus
perfect		asperāvisse			asperātum esse			—			asperātus
future perfect		—			asperātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		asperātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		asperandī		asperandō		asperandum		asperandō		asperātum		asperātū

Derived terms

• asperātus
• exasperō

Related terms

• asper

References

• “aspero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “aspero”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• aspero in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) rough and hilly ground: loca aspera et montuosa (Planc. 9. 22)
    

Portuguese

Adjective

aspero (feminine aspera, masculine plural asperos, feminine plural asperas)

1. Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of áspero.