baka

See also: Baka, baká, baką, bakå, båkå, bąka, baka-, ばか, and 馬鹿

English

Etymology 1

Noun

baka (plural bakas or baka)

1. (voodoo) An evil spirit in Haitian belief, often in the form of an animal.
   • 1953, Maya Daren, The Divine Horsemen, McPherson & Company, published 2004, page 113:

     Under his sign the malevolent bocor may take the shape of an animal, and men may be transformed into terrible bakas.

   • 1969, Milo Rigaud, Secrets of Voodoo, page 83:

     A person has only to serve the baka incorrectly to have it turn against its owner and do him irremediable harm by reason of the very duality of its composition.

   • 2001, Jennie Marcelle Smith, When the Hands Are Many, page 77:

     Because a baka can destroy a family's (or even a whole neighborhood's) well-being, there is great interest in catching and destroying them.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 馬鹿(ばか) (baka, “stupid”).

Adjective

baka (comparative more baka, superlative most baka)

1. (anime and manga, fandom slang) Stupid; silly.

Derived terms

• sussy baka

Related terms

• bakanae

Anagrams

• Ka'ba

Anyi

Noun

baka

1. tree

References

• Burmeister, Jonathan (1987), “Numbers before letters — Ivory Coast literacy program”, in G. Gagné, F. Daems, S. Kroon, J. Sturm and E. Tarrab, editors, Selected Papers in Mother Tongue Education / Études en pédagogie de la langue maternelle‎^[1], Dordrecht, The Netherlands & Montréal, Canada: Foris Publications Holland; Centre de Diffusion P.P.M.F. primaire, Université de Montréal, →ISBN, page 23 of 19–25
• Wichmann, Søren, Eric W. Holman, and Cecil H. Brown (eds.). (2020). The ASJP Database (version 19).

Further reading

• Burmeister, Jonathan L. (1983), “L’agni”, in Atlas des langues kwa de Côte d’Ivoire, volume 1, Paris & Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT); Institut de Linguistique Appliquée (ILA), Université d’Abidjan
• Pyne, P. C. (1977), “Anyi”, in M. E. Kropp Dakubu, editor, West African language data sheets, volume 1, Legon, Ghana: West African Linguistic Society

Asi

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

baka

1. cow

Bikol Central

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.ka]

Noun

baka

1. cattle; cow

Etymology 2

From Proto-Philippine *bakáq. Compare Tagalog baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbakaʔ/, [ˈba.kaʔ]

Adverb

bakà

1. maybe; probably; perhaps; might

   Synonyms: tibaad, seguro

Binukid

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Etymology 2

Noun

bakà

1. jaw

Bolinao

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Cebuano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.kʌ]

Noun

baka

1. a cow; an adult female of the species Bos taurus that has calved
2. any member of the species Bos taurus regardless of sex or age, including bulls and calves
3. beef; the meat from a cow, bull, or other bovine

Adjective

baka

1. beef

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:baka.

Dibabawon Manobo

Noun

bakà

1. (anatomy) jaw

Dupaningan Agta

Adverb

baka

1. perhaps; maybe

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛaːʰka/
• Rhymes: -ɛaːʰka
• Homophone: bakað

Verb

baka (third person singular past indicative bakaði, third person plural past indicative bakað, supine bakað)

1. to bake

Conjugation

Conjugation of baka (group v-30)
infinitive	baka
supine	bakað
participle (a6)1	bakandi	bakaður
	present	past
first singular	baki	bakaði
second singular	bakar	bakaði
third singular	bakar	bakaði
plural	baka	bakaðu
	imperative
singular	baka!
plural	bakið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Fula

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Noun

baka o

1. (Pular) tunic, boubou, agbada

Etymology 2

Noun

baka o (plural bakaaji ɗi)

1. (Maasina) part, portion, share

References

• Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
• Richard Smith, Urs Niggli, Dictionnaire fulfulde - anglais - français, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2016.

Hausa

Etymology 1

Cognate with Duwai bak, Mwaghavul mbuka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bà.káː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [bə̀.káː]

Noun

bàkā m (plural bakunkunā̀, possessed form bàkan)

1. bow
2. hacksaw
3. catch of a lock

Etymology 2

From baki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bá.kà/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [bə́.kə̀]

Adverb

bakà

1. in the mouth

Hiligaynon

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

báka

1. cow, bull, ox

Related terms

• kabakahan

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably a doublet of boka, via its former meaning of “boots”, expressing a booted soldier. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɒkɒ]
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• Rhymes: -kɒ

Noun

baka (plural bakák)

1. (informal) soldier

   Synonym: katona

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	baka	bakák
accusative	bakát	bakákat
dative	bakának	bakáknak
instrumental	bakával	bakákkal
causal-final	bakáért	bakákért
translative	bakává	bakákká
terminative	bakáig	bakákig
essive-formal	bakaként	bakákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	bakában	bakákban
superessive	bakán	bakákon
adessive	bakánál	bakáknál
illative	bakába	bakákba
sublative	bakára	bakákra
allative	bakához	bakákhoz
elative	bakából	bakákból
delative	bakáról	bakákról
ablative	bakától	bakáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	bakáé	bakáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	bakáéi	bakákéi

Possessive forms of baka
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	bakám	bakáim
2nd person sing.	bakád	bakáid
3rd person sing.	bakája	bakái
1st person plural	bakánk	bakáink
2nd person plural	bakátok	bakáitok
3rd person plural	bakájuk	bakáik

Further reading

• baka in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• baka in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)

Iban

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baka/
• Rhymes: -ka
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Conjunction

baka

1. like, similar to

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaːka/
• Rhymes: -aːka

Etymology 1

From the verb baka (“to bake”).

Noun

baka f (genitive singular böku, nominative plural bökur)

1. pie

Declension

declension of baka

f-w1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	baka	bakan	bökur	bökurnar
accusative	böku	bökuna	bökur	bökurnar
dative	böku	bökunni	bökum	bökunum
genitive	böku	bökunnar	baka/bakna	bakanna/baknanna

Derived terms

• kjötbaka

Etymology 2

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Verb

baka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative bakaði, supine bakað)

1. to bake

Conjugation

baka — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að baka
supine (sagnbót)		bakað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		bakandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég baka	við bökum	present (nútíð)	ég baki	við bökum
	þú bakar	þið bakið		þú bakir	þið bakið
	hann, hún, það bakar	þeir, þær, þau baka		hann, hún, það baki	þeir, þær, þau baki
past (þátíð)	ég bakaði	við bökuðum	past (þátíð)	ég bakaði	við bökuðum
	þú bakaðir	þið bökuðuð		þú bakaðir	þið bökuðuð
	hann, hún, það bakaði	þeir, þær, þau bökuðu		hann, hún, það bakaði	þeir, þær, þau bökuðu
imperative (boðháttur)	baka (þú)	bakið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	bakaðu	bakiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

bakast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að bakast
supine (sagnbót)		bakast
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		bakandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég bakast	við bökumst	present (nútíð)	ég bakist	við bökumst
	þú bakast	þið bakist		þú bakist	þið bakist
	hann, hún, það bakast	þeir, þær, þau bakast		hann, hún, það bakist	þeir, þær, þau bakist
past (þátíð)	ég bakaðist	við bökuðumst	past (þátíð)	ég bakaðist	við bökuðumst
	þú bakaðist	þið bökuðust		þú bakaðist	þið bökuðust
	hann, hún, það bakaðist	þeir, þær, þau bökuðust		hann, hún, það bakaðist	þeir, þær, þau bökuðust
imperative (boðháttur)	bakast (þú)	bakist (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	bakastu	bakisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

bakaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	bakaður	bökuð	bakað		bakaðir	bakaðar	bökuð
accusative (þolfall)	bakaðan	bakaða	bakað		bakaða	bakaðar	bökuð
dative (þágufall)	bökuðum	bakaðri	bökuðu		bökuðum	bökuðum	bökuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	bakaðs	bakaðrar	bakaðs		bakaðra	bakaðra	bakaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	bakaði	bakaða	bakaða		bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu
accusative (þolfall)	bakaða	bökuðu	bakaða		bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu
dative (þágufall)	bakaða	bökuðu	bakaða		bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	bakaða	bökuðu	bakaða		bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu

Etymology 3

Form of bak (“a back”).

Noun

baka n

1. indefinite genitive plural of bak

Ilocano

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/

Noun

baka

1. cow
2. ox

Derived terms

• agbaka
• mamaka

 

Etymology 2

From Proto-Philippine *bakáq. Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Tagalog baka.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /baka/, [bɐ.ka]
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈbɐ.ka] (colloquial)

Adverb

bakâ

1. maybe, perhaps, might be

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay baka, baqa, from Classical Malay باک‎ (baka), بقاٴ‎ (baqa), from Arabic بقاء‎ (“remaining, lasting, enduring”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [baka]

Adjective

baka

1. eternal

References

• “baka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Japanese

Romanization

baka

1. Rōmaji transcription of ばか
2. Rōmaji transcription of バカ

Kagayanen

Etymology 1

Noun

baka

1. (anatomy) chin

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

baka

1. cow

Kavalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Kiput

Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak *bakas.

Noun

baka

1. wild boar

Limos Kalinga

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Malay

Pronunciation

• Audio (MY)

  (file)

Adjective

baka (Jawi spelling باک‎)

1. patriarchal, ruled by men

   sistem (kuasa) baka

   a patriarchal system

Antonyms

• saka

Noun

baka (Jawi spelling باک‎, plural baka-baka, informal 1st possessive bakaku, 2nd possessive bakamu, 3rd possessive bakanya)

1. stock, breed (of livestock)

Further reading

• “baka” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Mansaka

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Masbatenyo

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Etymology 2

Adjective

bakâ

1. bowlegged

Northern Catanduanes Bicolano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• bakane

Noun

baka m or n

1. definite neuter plural of bak

Etymology 2

From Old Norse baka.

Alternative forms

• båkå (dialectal)

Verb

baka (present tense bakar or baker, past tense baka or bakte, past participle baka or bakt, passive infinitive bakast, present participle bakande, imperative bak)

1. alternative form of bake (baka is split-infinitive and/or a-infinitive verb form)

References

• “baka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

Verb

baka

1. to bake

Conjugation

Conjugation of baka — active (strong class 6)

infinitive	baka
present participle	bakandi
past participle	bekinn
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	bek	bók
2nd-person singular	bekr	bókt
3rd-person singular	bekr	bók
1st-person plural	bǫkum	bókum
2nd-person plural	bakið	bókuð
3rd-person plural	baka	bóku
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	baka	bǿka
2nd-person singular	bakir	bǿkir
3rd-person singular	baki	bǿki
1st-person plural	bakim	bǿkim
2nd-person plural	bakið	bǿkið
3rd-person plural	baki	bǿki
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	bak
1st-person plural	bǫkum
2nd-person plural	bakið

Conjugation of baka — mediopassive (strong class 6)

infinitive	bakask
present participle	bakandisk
past participle	bekizk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	bǫkumk	bókumk
2nd-person singular	beksk	bókzk
3rd-person singular	beksk	bóksk
1st-person plural	bǫkumsk	bókumsk
2nd-person plural	bakizk	bókuzk
3rd-person plural	bakask	bókusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	bǫkumk	bǿkumk
2nd-person singular	bakisk	bǿkisk
3rd-person singular	bakisk	bǿkisk
1st-person plural	bakimsk	bǿkimsk
2nd-person plural	bakizk	bǿkizk
3rd-person plural	bakisk	bǿkisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	baksk
1st-person plural	bǫkumsk
2nd-person plural	bakizk

Descendants

• Icelandic: baka
• Faroese: baka
• Norn: båke
• Norwegian: bake
• Elfdalian: båkå
• Old Swedish: baka
  • Swedish: baka
• Danish: bage
• Old Gutnish: baka
  • Gutnish: bake

References

• “baka”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

Verb

baka

1. to bake

Conjugation

Conjugation of baka (strong)

	present			past
infinitive	baka			—
participle	bakandi, bakande			bakin
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	bak	baki, bake	—	bōk	bōki, bōke
þū	bak	baki, bake	bak	bōkt	bōki, bōke
han	bak	baki, bake	—	bōk	bōki, bōke
vīr	bakum, bakom	bakum, bakom	bakum, bakom	bōkum, bōkom	bōkum, bōkom
īr	bakin	bakin	bakin	bōkin	bōkin
þēr	baka	bakin	—	bōku, bōko	bōkin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	baks	bakis, bakes	—	bōks	bōkis, bōkes
þū	baks	bakis, bakes	—	bōkts	bōkis, bōkes
han	baks	bakis, bakes	—	bōks	bōkis, bōkes
vīr	bakums, -oms	bakums, bakoms	—	bōkums, bōkoms	bōkums, bōkoms
īr	bakins	bakins	—	bōkins	bōkins
þēr	bakas	bakins	—	bōkus, bōkos	bōkins

Descendants

• Swedish: baka

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• 𑀩𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• बक (Devanagari script)
• বক (Bengali script)
• බක (Sinhalese script)
• ဗက or ၿၵ (Burmese script)
• พก or พะกะ (Thai script)
• ᨻᨠ (Tai Tham script)
• ພກ or ພະກະ (Lao script)
• ពក (Khmer script)
• 𑄝𑄇 (Chakma script)

Noun

baka m

1. crane
2. heron

Declension

Declension table of "baka" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	bako	bakā
Accusative (second)	bakaṃ	bake
Instrumental (third)	bakena	bakehi or bakebhi
Dative (fourth)	bakassa or bakāya or bakatthaṃ	bakānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	bakasmā or bakamhā or bakā	bakehi or bakebhi
Genitive (sixth)	bakassa	bakānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	bakasmiṃ or bakamhi or bake	bakesu
Vocative (calling)	baka	bakā

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese vaca and Spanish vaca and Kabuverdianu báka.

Noun

baka

1. cow

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈba.ka/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aka
• Syllabification: ba‧ka

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Bake.

Noun

baka f

1. (navigation, nautical) seamark

   Synonym: stawa

Declension

Declension of baka

	singular	plural
nominative	baka	baki
genitive	baki	bak
dative	bace	bakom
accusative	bakę	baki
instrumental	baką	bakami
locative	bace	bakach
vocative	bako	baki

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

baka m

1. genitive singular of bak

Verb

baka

1. third-person singular present of bakać

Further reading

• baka in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From earlier babka; compare bȁba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bǎːka/
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

báka f (Cyrillic spelling ба́ка)

1. (hypocoristic) grandmother, grandma
2. (hypocoristic, regional) old woman

Declension

Declension of baka

	singular	plural
nominative	báka	bake
genitive	bake	baka
dative	baki	bakama
accusative	baku	bake
vocative	bȃko	bake
locative	baki	bakama
instrumental	bakom	bakama

References

• “baka” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Southern Catanduanes Bicolano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

baka

1. cow

Sranan Tongo

Etymology 1

From English back.

Preposition

baka

1. after
2. behind

Adjective

baka

1. back

   bakasey ― behind

Adverb

baka

1. back, in return
2. again

Etymology 2

From English back.

Noun

baka

1. back

Etymology 3

Probably borrowed from Dutch bakken.

Verb

baka

1. to bake, to fry

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَقَّعَ‎ (baqqaʕa, “to stain”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya)

  (file)

Verb

-baka (infinitive kubaka)

1. to molest, to rape

   Synonym: -najisi

Conjugation

Conjugation of -baka
Positive present -nabaka Subjunctive -bake Negative -baki Imperative singular baka
Infinitives
Positive kubaka Negative kutobaka
Imperatives
Singular baka Plural bakeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hubaka Positive past positive subject concord + -libaka Negative past negative subject concord + -kubaka
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nabaka) Singular Plural 1st person ninabaka/nabaka tunabaka 2nd person unabaka mnabaka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anabaka wanabaka other classes positive subject concord + -nabaka
Negative present (negative subject concord + -baki) Singular Plural 1st person sibaki hatubaki 2nd person hubaki hambaki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) habaki hawabaki other classes negative subject concord + -baki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tabaka Negative future negative subject concord + -tabaka
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -bake) Singular Plural 1st person nibake tubake 2nd person ubake mbake 3rd person m-wa(I/II) abake wabake other classes positive subject concord + -bake
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sibake Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngebaka Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singebaka Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalibaka Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalibaka
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -abaka) Singular Plural 1st person nabaka twabaka 2nd person wabaka mwabaka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) abaka wabaka m-mi(III/IV) wabaka yabaka ji-ma(V/VI) labaka yabaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) chabaka vyabaka n(IX/X) yabaka zabaka u(XI) wabaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwabaka pa(XVI) pabaka mu(XVIII) mwabaka
Perfect positive subject concord + -mebaka "Already" positive subject concord + -meshabaka "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jabaka "If/When" positive subject concord + -kibaka "If not" positive subject concord + -sipobaka Consecutive kabaka / positive subject concord + -kabaka Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kabake
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nibaka -tubaka 2nd person -kubaka -wabaka/-kubakeni/-wabakeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mbaka -wabaka m-mi(III/IV) -ubaka -ibaka ji-ma(V/VI) -libaka -yabaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kibaka -vibaka n(IX/X) -ibaka -zibaka u(XI) -ubaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kubaka pa(XVI) -pabaka mu(XVIII) -mubaka Reflexive -jibaka
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -baka- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -bakaye -bakao m-mi(III/IV) -bakao -bakayo ji-ma(V/VI) -bakalo -bakayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -bakacho -bakavyo n(IX/X) -bakayo -bakazo u(XI) -bakao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -bakako pa(XVI) -bakapo mu(XVIII) -bakamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -baka) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yebaka -obaka m-mi(III/IV) -obaka -yobaka ji-ma(V/VI) -lobaka -yobaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chobaka -vyobaka n(IX/X) -yobaka -zobaka u(XI) -obaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kobaka pa(XVI) -pobaka mu(XVIII) -mobaka
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Augmentative: -bakua (“rob, plunder”)
  • Passive: -bakwa

• Nominal derivations:
  • mbakaji (“rapist”)
  • ubakaji (“rape”)

Noun

baka (ma class, plural mabaka)

1. mark on the body (like a scar or birthmark)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Verb

baka (present bakar, preterite bakade, supine bakat, imperative baka)

1. to bake; to cook in an oven.

Conjugation

Conjugation of baka (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	baka		bakas
Supine	bakat		bakats
Imperative	baka		—
Imper. plural1	baken		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	bakar	bakade	bakas	bakades
Ind. plural1	baka	bakade	bakas	bakades
Subjunctive2	bake	bakade	bakes	bakades
	Participles
Present participle	bakande
Past participle	bakad
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• bagare
• bageri
• baka in
• baka ut
• bakning

 

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• baca — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.xɐ]

Noun

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. cattle; cow
2. beef

   Synonym: karneng-baka

Derived terms

• baka-baka
• baka-bakahan
• bakahan
• batuk-baka
• gabaka
• kapong baka
• magbabaka
• matang-baka

 

Related terms

• bakero
• bakuna

 

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bakáq. Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /baˈkaʔ/, [bɐˈxaʔ]
• IPA^(key): /baˈka/, [bɐˈxa] (colloquial)

Adverb

bakâ (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. maybe; probably

   Synonyms: marahil, maaari, posible

2. might

Derived terms

• baka-sakali
• magbakasakali

 

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba‧ka
• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.xɐ]

Noun

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

1. declaration of war (against another nation)

   Synonyms: salakay, pagsalakay, lusob, paglusob

2. campaign against something wrong or immoral

   Synonyms: laban, paglaban, pagbabaka

3. verbal attack or assault

   Synonyms: tuligsa, pagtuligsa, atake, pag-atake

Derived terms

• bakahin
• kabaka
• kabakahin
• magbaka
• makibaka
• makipagbaka
• pagbabaka
• pakikibaka

 

Further reading

• “baka”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila: Sentro ng Wikang Filipino, 2018
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*bakáq”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Tausug

Etymology

From Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Waray-Waray

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.ka]
• Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

baka

1. cow

Yami

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Yogad

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow