beir
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Irish beirid, from Old Irish beirid. Cognate with English bear, Latin ferō, Sanskrit भरति (bharati).
Verb edit
beir (present analytic beireann, future analytic béarfaidh, verbal noun breith, past participle beirthe) (transitive, intransitive)
- bear, give birth to (of persons, usually autonomously with do)
- lay (of birds)
- bear away, win
- bring, take
- proceed, advance
Conjugation edit
*indirect relative
† dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
In Munster, past indicative forms built on the form riug are encountered:
Derived terms edit
- beir ar (“catch; overtake”)
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
beir
- (literary, Munster) second-person singular future of bí
- Beir ana-shásta ansin.
- You will be very happy there.
Usage notes edit
The modern standard form is the analytic construction beidh tú.
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
beir | bheir | mbeir |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “beir”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
beir
·beir
- third-person singular present conjunct of beirid
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
·beir | ·beir pronounced with /-v(ʲ)-/ |
·mbeir |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Scottish Gaelic edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
beir (past rug, future beiridh, verbal noun breith, past participle beirte)
- give birth to
- ‘beir air’: carry, catch; catch up with; overtake; catch hold of
- ‘beir’ without ‘air’: give birth to
Conjugation edit
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third m/f | first | second | third | |||
independent | past | rug mi | rug thu | rug e/i | rug sinn | rug sibh | rug iad | rugadh |
future | beiridh mi | beiridh tu | beiridh e/i | beiridh sinn | beiridh sibh | beiridh iad | beirear | |
conditional | bheirinn | bheireadh tu | bheireadh e/i | bheireadh sinn bheireamaid |
bheireadh sibh | bheireadh iad | bheirte(adh) bheirist(e)1 | |
negative | past | cha do rug mi | cha do rug thu | cha do rug e/i | cha do rug sinn | cha do rug sibh | cha do rug iad | cha do rugadh |
future | cha bheir mi | cha bheir thu | cha bheir e/i | cha bheir sinn | cha bheir sibh | cha bheir iad | cha bheirear | |
conditional | cha bheirinn | cha bheireadh tu | cha bheireadh e/i | cha bheireadh sinn cha bheireamaid |
cha bheireadh sibh | cha bheireadh iad | cha bheirte(adh) cha bheirist(e)1 | |
affirmative interrogative |
past | an do rug mi? | an do rug thu? | an do rug e/i? | an do rug sinn? | an do rug sibh? | an do rug iad? | an do rugadh? |
future | am beir mi? | am beir thu? | am beir e/i? | am beir sinn? | am beir sibh? | am beir iad? | am beirear? | |
conditional | am beirinn? | am beireadh tu? | am beireadh e/i? | am beireadh sinn? am beireamaid? |
am beireadh sibh? | am beireadh iad? | am beirte(adh)? am beirist(e)?1 | |
negative interrogative |
past | nach do rug mi? | nach do rug tu? | nach do rug e/i? | nach do rug sinn? | nach do rug sibh? | nach do rug iad? | nach do rugadh? |
future | nach beir mi? | nach beir thu? | nach beir e/i? | nach beir sinn? | nach beir sibh? | nach beir iad? | nach beirear? | |
conditional | nach beirinn? | nach beireadh tu? | nach beireadh e/i? | nach beireadh sinn? nach beireamaid? |
nach beireadh sibh? | nach beireadh iad? | nach beirte(adh)? nach beirist(e)?1 | |
relative future | (a) bheireas mi | (a) bheireas tu | (a) bheireas e/i | (a) bheireas sinn | (a) bheireas sibh | (a) bheireas iad | (a) bheirear | |
imperative | beiream! | beir! | beireadh e/i! | beireamaid! | beiribh! | beireadh iad! | beirear! | |
verbal noun | breith, beirsinn | |||||||
past participle | beirte |
1 Lewis dialect form
References edit
- Edward Dwelly (1911), “beir”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
West Flemish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Dutch bēre, from Old Dutch *bero, from Proto-West Germanic *berō.
Noun edit
beir m (plural beirn)
- bear (large predatory mammal of the family Ursidae)
- (figurative) person who is physically impressive and/or crude
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Dutch bêer, from Old Dutch *bēr, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.
Noun edit
beir m (plural beirn)
- boar (male swine)