buckthorn

English

Etymology

Calque of Latin cervī spīna (“deer's thorny shrub”), cervi (“deer's”) being the genitive singular of cervus (“deer”), from Proto-Italic *kerwos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂wós, from *ḱerh₂- (“horn”) + *-wós, spīna (“thorny shrub”) from Proto-Italic *speinā, from Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“sharp point”). By surface analysis, buck +‎ thorn.

Pronunciation

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Noun

buckthorn (plural buckthorns)

1. Any of several, often thorny shrubs or small trees, especially
   1. the buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae),
      1. especially genus Rhamnus,
         1. especially common buckthorn or purging buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica).
      2. also alder buckthorn (Frangula), especially Frangula alnus).
   2. sea buckthorn (Hippophae, in family Elaeagnaceae).

Derived terms

• alder buckthorn - Frangula alnus ( <= Rhamnus frangula), Frangula caroliniana ( <= Rhamnus caroliniana)
• alderleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus alnifolia
• buckthorn bully - Sideroxylon lycioides
• California buckthorn - Frangula californica
• Carolina buckthorn - Frangula caroliniana
• Cascara buckthorn - Frangula purshiana
• Chinese buckthorn - Rhamnus utilis
• Dahurian buckthorn - Rhamnus davurica
• dyer's buckthorn - Rhamnus saxatalis ( <= Rhamnus infectoria)
• glossy buckthorn - Frangula alnus
• hollyleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus crocea subsp. pilosa
• Italian buckthorn - Rhamnus alaternus
• Jamaica buckthorn - Rosa laevigata
• Japanese buckthorn - Rhamnus japonica
• lanceleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus lanceolata
• mock buckthorn - Sageretia
• Modoc buckthorn - Frangula rubra subsp. modocensis
• Nevada buckthorn - Frangula rubra subsp. nevadensis
• obovate buckthorn - Frangula betulifolia subsp. obovata
• obtuse buckthorn - Frangula rubra subsp. obtusissima
• red buckthorn - Frangula rubra
• redberry buckthorn - Rhamnus crocea
• rock buckthorn - Rhamnus saxatilis
• sawleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus serrata
• sea buckthorn - Hippophae spp., esp. Hippophae rhamnoides
• sharp-tooth buckthorn - Rhamnus arguta
• Siberian buckthorn - Rhamnus erythroxylon
• Smith's buckthorn - Rhamnus smithii
• Southern buckthorn - Sideroxylon lycioides ( <= Bumelia lycioides)
• Texas buckthorn - Ziziphus obtusifolia
• West Indian buckthorn - Frangula sphaerosperma
• Yosemite buckthorn Frangula rubra subsp. yosemitana

Translations

plant of the genus Rhamnus

• Arabic: سِدْر m (sidr)
• Armenian: դժնիկ (hy) (džnik), ալաժահրի (hy) (alažahri)
• Breton: spern-melen
• Esperanto: ramno
• Estonian: türnpuu
• Finnish: paatsama (fi)
• French: nerprun (fr)
• Galician: aderno m
• German: Kreuzdorn m
• Greek: λευκαγκαθιά f (lefkagkathiá)
• Latin: cervi spina f, calabrix f (conjectured)
• Polish: szakłak (pl) m
• Portuguese: aderno m, alaterno m
• Romanian: verigar (ro) m
• Russian: круши́на (ru) f (krušína)
• Swedish: getapel (sv) c
• Volapük: ramnud
• Welsh: rhafnwydden f

Rhamnus cathartica

• Basque: hesilahar
• Catalan: espina vera
• Estonian: harilik türnpuu
• Finnish: orapaatsama (fi)
• French: nerprun purgatif m
• Galician: escambrón (gl) m
• German: Purgier-Kreuzdorn m
• Irish: paide bréan m
• Middle English: thevethorn
• Old English: þefanþorn m
• Persian: اشنگور (ašangur), کلیکک (kalikak)
• Romanian: verigar (ro) m
• Spanish: espino cerval
• Swedish: getapel (sv) c, vägtorn (sv) c
• Welsh: rhafnwydd f pl

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Bulgarian: зърнастец (zǎrnastec)