calma
CatalanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Late Latin cauma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma), possibly through the intermediate of Italian calma, but this is uncertain.
NounEdit
calma f (plural calmes)
Derived termsEdit
VerbEdit
calma
- third-person singular present indicative form of calmar
- second-person singular imperative form of calmar
Etymology 2Edit
Of pre-Roman origin.
NounEdit
calma f (plural calmes)
- A high treeless plateau.
HypernymsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “calma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
FrenchEdit
VerbEdit
calma
- third-person singular past historic of calmer
AnagramsEdit
GalicianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Late Latin cauma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma), possibly through the intermediate of Italian calma.
NounEdit
calma f (uncountable)
SynonymsEdit
- (peace): paz, serenidade, tranquilidade
Related termsEdit
IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle Irish calma (“strong; brave, valiant”).
AdjectiveEdit
calma
DeclensionEdit
Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | calma | chalma | calma; chalma² | |
Vocative | chalma | calma | ||
Genitive | calma | calma | calma | |
Dative | calma; chalma¹ |
chalma | calma; chalma² | |
Comparative | níos calma | |||
Superlative | is calma |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English calme, from Middle French calme, from Old Italian calma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma). Compare French calme, English calm.
AdjectiveEdit
calma
DeclensionEdit
Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | calma | chalma | calma; chalma² | |
Vocative | chalma | calma | ||
Genitive | calma | calma | calma | |
Dative | calma; chalma¹ |
chalma | calma; chalma² | |
Comparative | níos calma | |||
Superlative | is calma |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
NounEdit
calma m (genitive singular calma)
- Alternative form of calm (“calm”)
DeclensionEdit
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
|
Forms with the definite article
|
MutationEdit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
calma | chalma | gcalma |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further readingEdit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “calma”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “calma” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “calma” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 calma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 53
ItalianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Origin uncertain. Possibly from Late Latin cauma, from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma, “heat, heat of the sun”). Compare also Proto-Germanic *kalmaz (“frozenness, cold”).
NounEdit
calma f (plural calme)
Related termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
AdjectiveEdit
calma f sg
Etymology 3Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
VerbEdit
calma
- inflection of calmare:
AnagramsEdit
Middle IrishEdit
EtymologyEdit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
AdjectiveEdit
calma
InflectionEdit
This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
NounEdit
calma f
InflectionEdit
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
SynonymsEdit
MutationEdit
Middle Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
calma | chalma | calma pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
ReferencesEdit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “calma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “calma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
PortugueseEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Late Latin cauma (“heat of the midday sun”), from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma, “heat, especially of the sun”), from καίω (kaíō, “to burn”). Possibly through the intermediate of Italian calma, although the word was found in Ibero-Romance as early as in Italian.
NounEdit
calma f (plural calmas)
- calm
- tranquility
- (obsolete, literature) heat produced by the sun
Etymology 2Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
AdjectiveEdit
calma
Etymology 3Edit
VerbEdit
calma
- inflection of calmar:
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
VerbEdit
a calma (third-person singular present calmează, past participle calmat) 1st conj.
- to calm
- (reflexive) to calm oneself, calm down, settle down
ConjugationEdit
infinitive | a calma | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | calmând | ||||||
past participle | calmat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | calmez | calmezi | calmează | calmăm | calmați | calmează | |
imperfect | calmam | calmai | calma | calmam | calmați | calmau | |
simple perfect | calmai | calmași | calmă | calmarăm | calmarăți | calmară | |
pluperfect | calmasem | calmaseși | calmase | calmaserăm | calmaserăți | calmaseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să calmez | să calmezi | să calmeze | să calmăm | să calmați | să calmeze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | calmează | calmați | |||||
negative | nu calma | nu calmați |
SynonymsEdit
Related termsEdit
Scottish GaelicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Irish calma (“strong; brave, valiant”).
AdjectiveEdit
calma
ReferencesEdit
- Edward Dwelly (1911), “calma”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 calma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
SpanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Ultimately from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma), through Late Latin cauma. Possibly through the intermediate of Italian calma, although the word was found in Ibero-Romance as early as in Italian.
NounEdit
calma f (plural calmas)
- calm, stillness, peacefulness
- tranquility, peace and quiet
- Synonym: tranquilidad
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
AdjectiveEdit
calma
VerbEdit
calma
- inflection of calmar:
Further readingEdit
- “calma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014