cingulum

English edit

Borrowed from Latin cingulum (“girdle”), from cingō (“to gird”).

cingulum (plural cingula or cinguli)

The girdle of an alb.
(neuroanatomy) A collection of white matter fibers projecting from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain, allowing for communication between components of the limbic system.
(anatomy) A ridge that girdles the base of an upper molar tooth.
(zoology) A distinct girdle or band of color; a raised spiral line as seen on certain univalve shells.
(zoology) The clitellus of earthworms.

Translations

From cingō (“to surround, encompass; gird”) +‎ -ulum (instrument noun suffix).

cingulum n (genitive cingulī); second declension

A girdle which encircles the hips; zone, belt; sword-belt; sash.
Synonyms: cestus, cinctūra, cinctus, zōna
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.31.24:
  sindonem fēcit et vēndidit et cingulum trādidit Chananeō
  She made fine linen, and sold it, and delivered a girdle to the Chanaanite. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; 1752 CE)
(figuratively) A girdle of the earth; zone.
Synonym: circulus

Often found as a plurale tantum:

29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid I.492:
aurea subnectens exsertae cingula mammae
her golden girdle fastened beneath her exposed breasts

Many via the plural cingula.

Balkan Romance:
- Romanian: chingă, cingă
Italo-Romance:
- Italian: cengia, cingolo, cinghia, cinghio
- Neapolitan: chienga
- Sicilian: cinga, cigna
Padanian:
- Friulian: cengle
- Venetian: senghia, zhengia
Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Old French: cengle
  - French: sangle
  - → Dutch: singel
  - → English: cingle
- Picard: chingue
- Walloon: cingue
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Aragonese: cingla, cincha, cello, cenyo
  - → Spanish: ceño (Murcian)
- Catalan: cingle
- Occitan: cingla, cengla
  Auvergnat: senglha
Ibero-Romance:
- Asturian: cinchu, cincha
- Galician: cincho, zuncho
- Portuguese: cilha, cincho
- Spanish: cejo, cencha, cincha, cincho, suncho, zuncho
  - →? English: cinch
Ancient borrowings:
- → Albanian: qing, qingël
- → Old Irish: cengal
  - Irish: ceangal
  - Scottish Gaelic: ceangal
- → Welsh: cengl, cyngl, cingl
Learned borrowings:
- → German: Zingulum
- → Portuguese: cíngulo
- → Spanish: cíngulo

“cingulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
cingulum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
cingulum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
“cingulum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
“cingulum”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
“cingulum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

cingulum n (definite singular cingulumet, indefinite plural cingulum, definite plural cinguluma)