derven
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch darven, derven, from Old Dutch tharvon, from Proto-West Germanic *þarbēn, from Proto-Germanic *þarbāną. Unrelated to bederven and verderven.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
derven
- (transitive, archaic) to lack, want
Conjugation edit
| Inflection of derven (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | derven | |||
| past singular | derfde | |||
| past participle | gederfd | |||
| infinitive | derven | |||
| gerund | derven n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | derf | derfde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | derft | derfde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | derft | derfde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | derft | derfde | ||
| 3rd person singular | derft | derfde | ||
| plural | derven | derfden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | derve | derfde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | derven | derfden | ||
| imperative sing. | derf | |||
| imperative plur.1 | derft | |||
| participles | dervend | gederfd | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Related terms edit
Related terms edit
Middle Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
derven
- Alternative form of darven
Middle English edit
Etymology edit
From Old English deorfan (“to exert oneself, labor; be in peril, perish, be wrecked”), from Proto-West Germanic *derban, from Proto-Germanic *derbaną (“to perish, work”). Some senses (transitive) apparently from Old English *dierfan, from Proto-Germanic *darbijaną, causative of the above.
Cognate with Dutch bederven, verderven (“to spoil, corrupt, pervert”), Low German verdarven (“to spoil”), German verderben (“to ruin, spoil, corrupt”), Icelandic fordjarfa (“to disgrace”), Lithuanian dìrbti (“to work”).
Verb edit
derven (third-person singular simple present derveth, present participle dervende, first-/third-person singular past indicative darf, past participle ydorven)
- (intransitive) To labour.
- (transitive) To trouble; grieve; hurt; afflict; molest.