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dual

See also: Dual, duel, and duál

Contents

EnglishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • du. (abbreviation, grammar)

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin dualis (“two”), from duo (“two”) + adjective suffix -alis

PronunciationEdit

  • (UK) enPR: dyo͞o'əl, djo͞o'əl; IPA(key): /ˈdjuː.əl/, /ˈdʒuː.əl/
  • (US) enPR: d(y)o͞o'əl; IPA(key): /ˈd(j)uː.əl/
  • Audio (UK)
    		(file)
  • Rhymes: -ʊəl
  • Homophone: duel

AdjectiveEdit

dual (not comparable)

  1. Exhibiting duality; characterized by having two (usually equivalent) components.
  2. Acting as a counterpart.
  3. Double.
    dual-headed computer
  4. (grammar) Pertaining to grammatical number (as in singular and plural), referring to two of something, such as a pair of shoes, in the context of the singular, plural and in some languages, trial grammatical number. Modern Arabic displays a dual number, as did Homeric Greek.
  5. (linear algebra) Being the space of all linear functionals of (some other space).
    • 2012, Doug Fisher, Hans-J. Lenz, Learning from Data: Artificial Intelligence and Statistics V, Springer Science & Business Media →ISBN, page 81
      Accordingly, a hyperplane in the sample space is dual to a subspace in the variable space.
  6. (category theory) Being the dual of (some other category); containing the same objects but with source and target reversed for all morphisms.
    • 1992, Colin McLarty, Elementary Categories, Elementary Toposes, Clarendon Press →ISBN, page 77
      Every category is dual to its own dual, so if a statement holds in all categories so does its dual.

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Terms derived from dual

TranslationsEdit

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Translations to be checked

NounEdit

dual (plural duals)

  1. Of an item that is one of a pair, the other item in the pair.
  2. (geometry) Of a regular polyhedron with V vertices and F faces, the regular polyhedron having F vertices and V faces.
    The octahedron is the dual of the cube.
  3. (grammar) dual number The grammatical number of a noun marking two of something (as in singular, dual, plural), sometimes referring to two of anything (a couple of, exactly two of), or a chirality-marked pair (as in left and right, as with gloves or shoes) or in some languages as a discourse marker, "between you and me". A few languages display trial number.
  4. (mathematics) Of a vector in an inner product space, the linear functional corresponding to taking the inner product with that vector. The set of all duals is a vector space called the dual space.

TranslationsEdit

See alsoEdit

VerbEdit

dual (third-person singular simple present duals, present participle (UK) dualling or (US) dualing, simple past and past participle (UK) dualled or (US) dualed)

  1. (transitive) To convert from single to dual; specifically, to convert a single-carriageway road to a dual carriageway.
    • 1994, Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, Parliamentary Debates
      I have to declare an interest and I do so with some ambivalence because if the road is dualled it is likely to take half of my front garden.
    • 1998, Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, Parliamentary Debates
      Way back in 1971, the Government of the day first published plans for a high-capacity road network, which included the dualling of the A47 from King's Lynn to Great Yarmouth.
    • 2006, David Lowe, Intermodal Freight Transport, p. 163
      The power generation and propulsion systems are dualled to accommodate component failure and maintain propulsion at reduced speed should any part of one system be lost.

AnagramsEdit

GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [duˈaːl]
  • Hyphenation: du‧al
  • Audio
    		(file)

AdjectiveEdit

dual (not comparable)

  1. dual

DeclensionEdit

Declension of dual
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter all genders
predicative er ist dual sie ist dual es ist dual sie sind dual
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative dualer duale duales duale
genitive dualen dualer dualen dualer
dative dualem dualer dualem dualen
accusative dualen duale duales duale
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der duale die duale das duale die dualen
genitive des dualen der dualen des dualen der dualen
dative dem dualen der dualen dem dualen den dualen
accusative den dualen die duale das duale die dualen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein dualer eine duale ein duales (keine) dualen
genitive eines dualen einer dualen eines dualen (keiner) dualen
dative einem dualen einer dualen einem dualen (keinen) dualen
accusative einen dualen eine duale ein duales (keine) dualen

Further readingEdit

  • dual in Duden online

IrishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Irish dúal (“tress, lock of hair”), from Proto-Celtic *doklos, from Proto-Indo-European *doḱlos (compare Icelandic tagl (“horse’s tail”), Old English tæġl, English tail).

NounEdit

dual m (genitive singular duail, nominative plural duail)

  1. lock, tress
    Synonyms: dlaoi, dual gruaige
  2. wisp, tuft
    Synonym: dlaoi
  3. ply, strand
  4. twist, twine
  5. spiral, whirl
DeclensionEdit
Declension of dual

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative dual duail
Vocative a dhuail a dhuala
Genitive duail dual
Dative dual duail

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an dual na duail
Genitive an duail na ndual
Dative leis an dual

don dual

leis na duail

Derived termsEdit

VerbEdit

dual (present analytic dualann, future analytic dualfaidh, verbal noun dualadh, past participle dualta)

  1. (transitive) twine
  2. (transitive) braid, coil
  3. (transitive) interlace, fold
ConjugationEdit
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present dualaim dualann tú;
dualair†		 dualann sé, sí dualaimid dualann sibh dualann siad;
dualaid†		 a dhualann; a dhualas /
a ndualann*; a ndualas* 		dualtar
past dhual mé; dhualas dhual tú; dhualais dhual sé, sí dhualamar; dhual muid dhual sibh; dhualabhair dhual siad; dhualadar a dhual /
ar dhual* 		dualadh
past habitual dhualainn dhualtá dhualadh sé, sí dhualaimis; dhualadh muid dhualadh sibh dhualaidís; dhualadh siad a dhualadh /
ar dhualadh* 		dhualtaí
future dualfaidh mé;
dualfad 		dualfaidh tú;
dualfair†		 dualfaidh sé, sí dualfaimid;
dualfaidh muid 		dualfaidh sibh dualfaidh siad;
dualfaid†		 a dhualfaidh; a dhualfas /
a ndualfaidh*; a ndualfas* 		dualfar
conditional dhualfainn / ndualfainn‡‡ dhualfá / ndualfᇇ dhualfadh sé, sí / ndualfadh sé, s퇇 dhualfaimis; dhualfadh muid / ndualfaimis‡‡; ndualfadh muid‡‡ dhualfadh sibh / ndualfadh sibh‡‡ dhualfaidís; dhualfadh siad / ndualfaidís‡‡; ndualfadh siad‡‡ a dhualfadh /
ar dhualfadh* 		dhualfaí / ndualfa퇇
subjunctive present go nduala mé;
go ndualad†		 go nduala tú;
go ndualair†		 go nduala sé, sí go ndualaimid;
go nduala muid 		go nduala sibh go nduala siad;
go ndualaid†		 — go ndualtar
past dá ndualainn dá ndualtá dá ndualadh sé, sí dá ndualaimis;
dá ndualadh muid 		dá ndualadh sibh dá ndualaidís;
dá ndualadh siad 		— dá ndualtaí
imperative dualaim dual dualadh sé, sí dualaimis dualaigí;
dualaidh†		 dualaidís — dualtar
verbal noun dualadh
past participle dualta

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Etymology 2Edit

  This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

NounEdit

dual m (genitive singular duail, nominative plural duail)

  1. dowel
  2. knot (in timber)
    Synonyms: alt, cranra
DeclensionEdit
Declension of dual

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative dual duail
Vocative a dhuail a dhuala
Genitive duail dual
Dative dual duail

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an dual na duail
Genitive an duail na ndual
Dative leis an dual

don dual

leis na duail

Derived termsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

From Old Irish dúal (“that which belongs or is proper to an individual by nature or descent”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ-.

AdjectiveEdit

dual (genitive singular masculine duail, genitive singular feminine duaile, plural duala, comparative duaile)

  1. native, natural
    Is dual dó a bheith leisciúil. ― He is naturally lazy.
    Ní dual don diabhal bheith díomhaoin.
    No rest for the wicked.
    (literally, “It is not in the devil's nature to be idle.”)
  2. proper, fitting
  3. in the natural order of things
  4. fated
  5. possible
DeclensionEdit
Declension of dual
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative dual dhual duala;
dhuala²
Vocative dhuail duala
Genitive duale duala dual
Dative dual;
dhual¹ 		dhual;
dhuail (archaic) 		duala;
dhuala²
Comparative níos duale
Superlative is duale

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

MutationEdit

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
dual dhual ndual
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further readingEdit

  • "dual" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • “1 dúal” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “2 dúal” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • Entries containing “dual” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “dual” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

PortugueseEdit

AdjectiveEdit

dual m, f (plural duais, comparable)

  1. dual (having two elements)

Scottish GaelicEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Irish dúal (“that which belongs or is proper to an individual by nature or descent”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ-.

AdjectiveEdit

dual (comparative duaile)

  1. hereditary,
  2. usual, natural

NounEdit

dual m (genitive singular duail, plural dualan)

  1. birthright
    Synonym: còir-bhreith
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Old Irish dúal (“tress, lock of hair”), from Proto-Celtic *doklos, from Proto-Indo-European *doḱlos.

NounEdit

dual m (genitive singular duail, plural dualan)

  1. curl, lock of hair
  2. plait, strand, braid, or fold
  3. ringlet

MutationEdit

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
dual dhual
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further readingEdit

  • “1 dúal” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “2 dúal” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

SpanishEdit

AdjectiveEdit

dual (plural duales)

  1. dual
  2. (grammar) dual
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