empecer
Galician edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese empeecer (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *impedīscere, inchoative of Latin impediō, impedīre.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
empecer (first-person singular present empezo, first-person singular preterite empecín, past participle empecido)
empecer (first-person singular present empeço, first-person singular preterite empecim or empeci, past participle empecido, reintegrationist norm)
- (now literary) to impede
- (now literary) to harm
- 1486, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 193:
- Onde for borado non enpeça
- It should not maim [the validity of this documents] wherever it is smudged
Conjugation edit
1Less recommended.
References edit
- “empecer” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “enpee” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “empecer” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “empecer” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
- “empecer” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “empecer” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- “empecer” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese empeecer, from Vulgar Latin *impedīscere, inchoative of Latin impedīre. Compare Galician and Spanish empecer
Pronunciation edit
- (Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.peˈse(ʁ)/ [ẽ.peˈse(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.peˈse(ʁ)/ [ĩ.peˈse(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.peˈse(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.peˈse(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.peˈse(ʁ)/ [ẽ.peˈse(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.peˈse(ʁ)/ [ĩ.peˈse(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.peˈse(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.peˈse(ɻ)/
Verb edit
empecer (first-person singular present empeço, first-person singular preterite empeci, past participle empecido)
- (transitive) to harm; to prejudice
- (transitive, intransitive) to prevent; to impede
Conjugation edit
Related terms edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *impediscere, from Latin impedīre.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (Spain) /empeˈθeɾ/ [ẽm.peˈθeɾ]
- IPA(key): (Latin America) /empeˈseɾ/ [ẽm.peˈseɾ]
- Rhymes: -eɾ
- Syllabification: em‧pe‧cer
Verb edit
empecer (third-person only, third-person singular present empece, third-person singular preterite empeció, past participle empecido)
- (obsolete, transitive) to harm, maim
- (transitive, intransitive) to impede, hinder
Conjugation edit
infinitive | empecer | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | empeciendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | empecido | empecida | |||||
plural | empecidos | empecidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | — | — | empece | — | — | empecen | |
imperfect | — | — | empecía | — | — | empecían | |
preterite | — | — | empeció | — | — | empecieron | |
future | — | — | empecerá | — | — | empecerán | |
conditional | — | — | empecería | — | — | empecerían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | — | — | empezca | — | — | empezcan | |
imperfect (ra) |
— | — | empeciera | — | — | empecieran | |
imperfect (se) |
— | — | empeciese | — | — | empeciesen | |
future1 | — | — | empeciere | — | — | empecieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | — | — | — | — | — | ||
negative | — | — | — | — | — |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “empecer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014