gamma

See also: Gamma

English

Ancient Greek alphabet

← beta		→ delta
Γ γ Ancient Greek: γάμμα
Wikipedia article on gamma

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma). Doublet of gimel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡæ.mə/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æmə
• Hyphenation: gam‧ma

Noun

gamma (countable and uncountable, plural gammas)

2. The third letter of the Greek alphabet (Γ, γ), preceded by beta (Β, β) and followed by delta, (Δ, δ).
3. (physics) A gamma ray or gamma-ray photon.
4. (mathematics) The Gamma function, symbolized by Γ.
5. (mathematics) A constant approximately equal to 0.57721566, symbolized by γ (also known as the Euler–Mascheroni constant).
6. (physics) A non-SI unit of measure of magnetic flux density, equal to 1 nT.
7. (physics) A non-SI unit of measure of mass, equal to 1 microgramme.
8. (industries) Slope of log-log plot of video input and luminance output.
9. (aviation) Flight path angle; the angle by which an aircraft's flight path deviates from the horizontal plane.
10. (finance) A second-order measure of derivative price sensitivity, expressed as the rate of change in delta with respect to changes in the underlying asset price.
11. (computer graphics) Synonym of gamma correction.

Hypernyms

• (measure of derivative price sensitivity): Greeks (includes list of coordinate terms)

Coordinate terms

(flight path angle):

• alpha
• beta
• theta

Derived terms

• alphabetagamma
• baby gamma
• cross gamma
• des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin
• digamma
• Gacrux
• gamma-aminobutyric acid
• gamma-angio-encephalography
• gamma bomb
• gamma-butyrolactone
• gamma camera
• gammachirp
• gammacism
• gamma city
• gamma correction
• gamma decay
• gamma distribution
• gamma-encephalography
• gamma female
• gamma garden
• gamma globulin
• gamma-glutamyltransferase
• gamma-hydroxybutyrate
• gamma-hydroxybutyric acid
• gamma iron
• gamma-iron
• gamma knife
• gamma male
• gamma of the gamma
• gamma particle
• gamma radiation
• gamma ray
• gamma-ray
• gamma-ray astronomy
• gamma-ray burst
• gammaretrovirus
• gammatone
• gamma wave
• gammopathy
• multigamma
• nongamma
• volga
• vomma

Translations

third letter of the Greek alphabet

• Arabic: غَامَا f (ḡāmā)

  Egyptian Arabic: جاما f (gaamaa)

  Hijazi Arabic: قاما f (gāma)

• Asturian: gama (ast) f
• Bulgarian: га́ма (bg) f (gáma)
• Catalan: gamma (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 伽瑪 / 伽玛 (gāmǎ), 伽馬 / 伽马 (zh) (gāmǎ)

• Czech: gama (cs) f
• Dutch: gamma (nl) m or f
• Esperanto: gamo (eo)
• Finnish: gamma (fi)
• French: gamma (fr) f
• Galician: gamma (gl) m
• German: Gamma (de) n
• Greek: γάμμα (el) f (gámma), γάμα (el) f (gáma)

  Ancient: γάμμα n (gámma)

• Hebrew: גָּמָא (he) f (gáma)
• Hungarian: gamma (hu)
• Interlingua: gamma
• Irish: gáma m
• Italian: gamma (it) f
• Japanese: ガンマ (ja) (gamma)
• Korean: 감마 (ko) (gamma)
• Macedonian: га́ма f (gáma)
• Malay: gama (ms)
• Maori: kama
• Persian: گاما (fa) (gâmâ)
• Polish: gamma (pl) f
• Portuguese: gama (pt) m
• Russian: га́мма (ru) f (gámma)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: га̏ма f

  Roman: gȁma (sh) f

• Spanish: gamma (es) f
• Swedish: gamma (sv) n
• Tagalog: gama
• Thai: แกมมา (th) (gɛɛm-mâa)
• Turkish: gama (tr)

math: gamma function — see also gamma function

• Finnish: gammafunktio
• Russian: га́мма-фу́нкция (ru) f (gámma-fúnkcija)

math: Euler–Mascheroni constant

• Finnish: gamma (fi)
• Portuguese: gama (pt) m

physics: unit of magnetic flux density

• Finnish: gamma (fi)
• Greek: γάμμα (el) n (gámma)
• Persian: گاما (fa) (gâmâ)
• Portuguese: gama (pt) m

industries: slope of log-log plot of video input and luminance output

finance: second-order measure of derivative price sensitivity

computer graphics: gamma correction — see gamma correction

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• French: ^{(please verify)} gamme (fr) f
• Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} gamma
• Italian: ^{(please verify)} gamma (it) m or f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ^{(please verify)} га̏ма f

  Roman: ^{(please verify)} gȁma (sh) f

• Spanish: ^{(please verify)} gama (es) f
• Swedish: ^{(please verify)} gamma (sv) n

See also

• (Greek-script letter names) alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, eta, theta, iota, kappa, lambda, mu, nu, xi, omicron, pi, rho, sigma, tau, upsilon, phi, chi, psi, omega

Anagrams

• magma

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈɡam.mə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈɡam.ma]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Noun

gamma f (plural gammes)

1. gamma; the Greek letter Γ (lowercase γ)
2. gamut; the range of possible values, especially:
   1. (music) the set of tones available from a musical instrument
   2. the set of possible color values available from a photographic or electronic device

Derived terms

• raig gamma

Further reading

• “gamma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Crimean Tatar

Noun

gamma

1. gamut

Declension

Declension of gamma

nominative	gamma
genitive	gammanıñ
dative	gammağa
accusative	gammanı
locative	gammada
ablative	gammadan

References

• Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎^[1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Dutch

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma). Doublet of gimel.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

gamma n (plural gamma's, diminutive gammaatje n)

1. gamma (Greek letter)
2. array, spectrum
3. selection, assortment
4. (in compounds) relating to sciences belonging neither to the exact sciences nor to the humanities, such as law, sociology and psychology

Derived terms

• gamma-uil
• gammastraling
• gammawetenschap

Further reading

• gamma on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^nl

Finnish

Greek letter

Γγ	Previous:	beeta
	Next:	delta

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɑmːɑ/, [ˈɡɑ̝mːɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑmːɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): gam‧ma

Noun

gamma

1. gamma (letter in Greek alphabet)
2. gamma (Euler–Mascheroni constant)
3. gamma (unit of magnetic flux density)
4. (slang) fantasy (recreational drug gamma-hydroxybutyric acid)

   Synonym: gammahydroksivoihappo

Declension

Inflection of gamma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		gamma	gammat
genitive		gamman	gammojen
partitive		gammaa	gammoja
illative		gammaan	gammoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		gamma	gammat
accusative	nom.	gamma	gammat
	gen.	gamman
genitive		gamman	gammojen gammain rare
partitive		gammaa	gammoja
inessive		gammassa	gammoissa
elative		gammasta	gammoista
illative		gammaan	gammoihin
adessive		gammalla	gammoilla
ablative		gammalta	gammoilta
allative		gammalle	gammoille
essive		gammana	gammoina
translative		gammaksi	gammoiksi
abessive		gammatta	gammoitta
instructive		—	gammoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of gamma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative gammani gammani accusative nom. gammani gammani gen. gammani genitive gammani gammojeni gammaini rare partitive gammaani gammojani inessive gammassani gammoissani elative gammastani gammoistani illative gammaani gammoihini adessive gammallani gammoillani ablative gammaltani gammoiltani allative gammalleni gammoilleni essive gammanani gammoinani translative gammakseni gammoikseni abessive gammattani gammoittani instructive — — comitative — gammoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative gammasi gammasi accusative nom. gammasi gammasi gen. gammasi genitive gammasi gammojesi gammaisi rare partitive gammaasi gammojasi inessive gammassasi gammoissasi elative gammastasi gammoistasi illative gammaasi gammoihisi adessive gammallasi gammoillasi ablative gammaltasi gammoiltasi allative gammallesi gammoillesi essive gammanasi gammoinasi translative gammaksesi gammoiksesi abessive gammattasi gammoittasi instructive — — comitative — gammoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative gammamme gammamme accusative nom. gammamme gammamme gen. gammamme genitive gammamme gammojemme gammaimme rare partitive gammaamme gammojamme inessive gammassamme gammoissamme elative gammastamme gammoistamme illative gammaamme gammoihimme adessive gammallamme gammoillamme ablative gammaltamme gammoiltamme allative gammallemme gammoillemme essive gammanamme gammoinamme translative gammaksemme gammoiksemme abessive gammattamme gammoittamme instructive — — comitative — gammoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative gammanne gammanne accusative nom. gammanne gammanne gen. gammanne genitive gammanne gammojenne gammainne rare partitive gammaanne gammojanne inessive gammassanne gammoissanne elative gammastanne gammoistanne illative gammaanne gammoihinne adessive gammallanne gammoillanne ablative gammaltanne gammoiltanne allative gammallenne gammoillenne essive gammananne gammoinanne translative gammaksenne gammoiksenne abessive gammattanne gammoittanne instructive — — comitative — gammoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative gammansa gammansa accusative nom. gammansa gammansa gen. gammansa genitive gammansa gammojensa gammainsa rare partitive gammaansa gammojaan gammojansa inessive gammassaan gammassansa gammoissaan gammoissansa elative gammastaan gammastansa gammoistaan gammoistansa illative gammaansa gammoihinsa adessive gammallaan gammallansa gammoillaan gammoillansa ablative gammaltaan gammaltansa gammoiltaan gammoiltansa allative gammalleen gammallensa gammoilleen gammoillensa essive gammanaan gammanansa gammoinaan gammoinansa translative gammakseen gammaksensa gammoikseen gammoiksensa abessive gammattaan gammattansa gammoittaan gammoittansa instructive — — comitative — gammoineen gammoinensa

Derived terms

compounds

• gamma-aminovoihappo
• gammafunktio
• gammaglobuliini
• gammaglutamyylitransferaasi
• gammahydroksibutyraatti
• gammahydroksivoihappo
• gammakorjaus
• gammakuvaus
• gammalinoleenihappo
• gammapurkaus
• gammasäde
• gammasäteilijä
• gammasäteily
• gammayökkönen

Further reading

• “gamma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• magma

French

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡa.ma/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

gamma m (plural gamma)

1. gamma (Greek letter)

Further reading

• “gamma”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

Noun

gamma m (plural gammas)

1. gamma (Greek letter)

Hungarian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡɒmːɒ]
• Hyphenation: gam‧ma
• Rhymes: -mɒ

Noun

gamma (plural gammák)

1. gamma (Greek letter)

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	gamma	gammák
accusative	gammát	gammákat
dative	gammának	gammáknak
instrumental	gammával	gammákkal
causal-final	gammáért	gammákért
translative	gammává	gammákká
terminative	gammáig	gammákig
essive-formal	gammaként	gammákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	gammában	gammákban
superessive	gammán	gammákon
adessive	gammánál	gammáknál
illative	gammába	gammákba
sublative	gammára	gammákra
allative	gammához	gammákhoz
elative	gammából	gammákból
delative	gammáról	gammákról
ablative	gammától	gammáktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	gammáé	gammáké
non-attributive possessive – plural	gammáéi	gammákéi

Possessive forms of gamma

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	gammám	gammáim
2nd person sing.	gammád	gammáid
3rd person sing.	gammája	gammái
1st person plural	gammánk	gammáink
2nd person plural	gammátok	gammáitok
3rd person plural	gammájuk	gammáik

Derived terms

Compound words

• gamma-eloszlás
• gamma-folyamat
• gamma-függvény
• gamma-globulin
• gamma-kitörés
• gamma-sugárzás

Further reading

• gamma in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Icelandic

Noun

gamma f (genitive singular gömmu, nominative plural gömmur) or
gamma n (genitive singular gamma, nominative plural gömmu)

1. gamma (Greek letter)

Declension

Declension of gamma (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	gamma	gamman	gömmur	gömmurnar
accusative	gömmu	gömmuna	gömmur	gömmurnar
dative	gömmu	gömmunni	gömmum	gömmunum
genitive	gömmu	gömmunnar	gamma	gammanna

Declension of gamma (neuter)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	gamma	gammað	gömmu	gömmun
accusative	gamma	gammað	gömmu	gömmun
dative	gamma	gammanu	gömmum	gömmunum
genitive	gamma	gammans	gamma	gammanna

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡam.ma/
• Rhymes: -amma
• Hyphenation: gàm‧ma

Noun

gamma m or f (invariable)

1. the name of the Greek-script letter Γ/γ; gamma

Noun

gamma f (plural gamme)

1. range, gamut

   Synonyms: varietà, assortimento, (music) scala, tonalità

Derived terms

• raggio gamma

Anagrams

• magma

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma), from Phoenician 𐤂 (g /⁠gīml⁠/). Doublet of gama.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡam.ma/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -amma
• Syllabification: gam‧ma

Noun

gamma f

1. gamma (Greek letter Γ, γ)
2. (physics) gamma ray

Declension

Declension of gamma

	singular	plural
nominative	gamma	gammy
genitive	gammy	gamm
dative	gammie	gammom
accusative	gammę	gammy
instrumental	gammą	gammami
locative	gammie	gammach
vocative	gammo	gammy

Further reading

• gamma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• gamma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Sicilian

Noun

gamma f (plural gammi)

1. Alternative form of jamma

Derived terms

• gammicchia
• Gammicchia

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡama/ [ˈɡa.ma]
• Rhymes: -ama
• Syllabification: gam‧ma

Noun

gamma f (plural gammas)

1. gamma; the Greek letter Γ, γ

Derived terms

• partícula gamma
• radiación gamma
• rayo gamma

Further reading

• “gamma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Swedish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

gamma n

1. gamma; the Greek letter Γ, γ