gelid
English edit
Etymology edit
First attested in 1630. From Latin gelidus (“cold”), from gelu (“frost”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
gelid (comparative more gelid, superlative most gelid)
- Very cold; icy or frosty.
- 1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):
- 1898, Florence Earle Coates, “Siberia”, in Poems:
- Above the gelid source of mountain springs,
A solitary eagle, circling, flies.
- 2005, Robert Jordan, Knife of Dreams:
- In the worst of summer the tower remained cool, yet the air seemed feverish and gelid when sisters of different Ajahs came too close.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
very cold; icy
|
Anagrams edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch gelit; cognate with German Glied. By surface analysis, ge- + lid.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gelid n (plural gelederen)
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: gelid
Noun edit
gelid n (plural geleden)
- a joint, a point of articulation
Anagrams edit
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *gʷeleti (“to graze”), of uncertain origin; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷlew-, extension from *gʷel- (“throat”),[1] which could be imitative. See also Old English ceole, German Kehle, Proto-Slavic *glъtati (“to devour”).[2]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gelid (conjunct ·geil, verbal noun gelt)
- to graze, consume
- c. 700, De Origine Scoticae Linguae from the Yellow Book of Lecan, O'Mulc. 830
- Ron·geilt in gaeth feib geilius [nem]aod forderg fidnime [leg. fidnaige].
- The storm has consumed us [lit. grazed on] like heavenly red fire consumes [lit. grazes on] firewood.
- c. 800, Immacaldam Choluim Cille ⁊ ind óclaig, published in "The Lough Foyle Colloquy Texts: Immacaldam Choluim Chille 7 ind Óclaig oc Carraic Eolairg and Immacaldam in Druad Brain 7 Inna Banḟátho Febuil Ós Loch Ḟebuil", Ériu 52 (2002), pp. 53-87, edited and with translations by John Carey,
- "Cesc," ol Colum Cille, "cóich robo riam, a lloch-sa at·chiam?" Respondit iuvenis: "Ro·fetur-sa aní-sin; [...] ra·giult-sa [MS ro·diultsa] a mbasa os, ra·senas a mbasa é[o]...
- "A question," said Colum Cille, "whose was it formerly, this loch we see?" The youth responded, "I know that! [...] I had grazed it when I was a stag, I had swum it when I was a salmon...
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 80a11
- géldae ― glosses Latin depastus est
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 143b1
- gelid ― glosses Latin depascitur
- c. 700, De Origine Scoticae Linguae from the Yellow Book of Lecan, O'Mulc. 830
Inflection edit
Simple, class B I present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Abs. | gelid | |||||||
Conj. | ·gel | ·gelat | ·gelar | ||||||
Rel. | geiles | ||||||||
Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
Preterite | Abs. | geltatar | |||||||
Conj. | |||||||||
Rel. | geltatar | ||||||||
Perfect | Deut. | ro·diult (misspelling of ra·giult, with infixed pronoun a-) | ro·gelt | ||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Future | Abs. | ||||||||
Conj. | |||||||||
Rel. | géldae | ||||||||
Conditional | |||||||||
Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
Conj. | |||||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Verbal noun | gelt | ||||||||
Past participle | |||||||||
Verbal of necessity | glidi |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “gel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 364-365
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “gwel-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 146
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “gelid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language