gluten

See also: Gluten and glúten

Contents

EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French gluten, borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡluːtən/, /ˈɡluːtn̩/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːtən

NounEdit

gluten (countable and uncountable, plural glutens)

1. (obsolete) Fibrin (formerly considered as one of the "animal humours"). [16th-19th c.]
   • 1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy, Oxford: Printed by Iohn Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, OCLC 216894069:, Bk.I, New York, 2001, p.147:

     The radical or innate is daily supplied by nourishment, which some call cambium, and make those secondary humours of ros and gluten to maintain it […].

2. (rare) Any gluey, sticky substance. [from 17th c.]
   • 1990, Camille Paglia, Sexual Personae:

     The tyrant machine is the female body, grinding and milling the pulp of matter, the gluten of human flesh.

3. The major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread. [from 19th c.]
   • 2010, Felicity Cloake, Word of Mouth Blog, The Guardian, 10 Jun 2010:

     Unfortunately, wholemeal bread is, according to many experts, a tricky thing to get right, as the lower gluten content of the flour makes for dense results [...].

4. (geology) A gluey, sticky mass of clay, bitumen etc. [from 19th c.]
   • 1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford 2004, p. 669:

     Despite constant rain that turned roads to gluten, the Yankees kept moving.

Derived termsEdit

Derived terms

• gluten bread
• gluten casein
• gluten fibrin

• gluten-free
• glutinous
• sea-gluten

TranslationsEdit

cereal protein

• Arabic: غْلُوتِين‏‎ m (ḡlūtīn)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 麵筋 (zh), 面筋 (zh) (miànjīn)

• Corsican: glutinu m
• Czech: lepek (cs)
• Dutch: gluten (nl)
• Esperanto: gluteno
• Finnish: gluteeni (fi)
• French: gluten (fr) m
• German: Gluten (de) n
• Hebrew: גְלוּטֵן‏‎ m (gluten)
• Hungarian: sikér (hu)

• Ido: gluteno (io)
• Italian: glutine (it) m
• Japanese: グルテン (ja) (guruten)
• Korean: 글루텐 (geulluten)
• Latvian: lipeklis m, glutēns m
• Macedonian: глуте́н m (glutén)
• Norwegian: gluten (no) n
• Portuguese: glúten (pt) m
• Russian: глюте́н (ru) m (gljutɛ́n), клейкови́на (ru) f (klejkovína)
• Slovene: gluten m
• Spanish: gluten (es) m
• Swedish: gluten (sv) n

AnagramsEdit

• Lutgen, englut

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DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: glu‧ten

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).

NounEdit

gluten n (uncountable)

1. gluten

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FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ɡlytɛn/

• Audio

  (file)

NounEdit

gluten m (plural glutens)

1. gluten

AnagramsEdit

• lugent

Further readingEdit

• “gluten” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

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LatinEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Italic *gloiten, from Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁ytn̥, from *gleh₁y- (“to stick; to spread, to smear”).

PronunciationEdit

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡluː.ten/, [ˈɡɫuː.tẽ]

NounEdit

glūten n (genitive glūtinis); third declension

1. glue

InflectionEdit

Third declension neuter.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	glūten	glūtina
genitive	glūtinis	glūtinum
dative	glūtinī	glūtinibus
accusative	glūten	glūtina
ablative	glūtine	glūtinibus
vocative	glūten	glūtina

Derived termsEdit

• glūtinō

DescendantsEdit

• Old French: glu
  • English: glue
    • Irish: gliú
  • French: glu
  • Norman: cliute (Jersey)
• Welsh: glud

ReferencesEdit

• gluten in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• gluten in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• du Cange, Charles (1883), “gluten”, in G. A. Louis Henschel, Pierre Carpentier, Léopold Favre, editors, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (in Latin), Niort: L. Favre
• “gluten” in Félix Gaffiot’s Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette (1934)
• glue in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

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SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡluten/

NounEdit

gluten m (plural glutenes)

1. (biochemistry) gluten

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SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).

NounEdit

gluten n

1. gluten