irritus
Latin
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Italic *enratos, from *en- + *ratos, whence also Latin ratus, past participle of *rēōr, whence Latin reor, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁er-.
Alternative forms
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈir.ri.tus/, [ˈɪrːɪt̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈir.ri.tus/, [ˈirːit̪us]
Adjective
editirritus (feminine irrita, neuter irritum); first/second-declension adjective
- invalid, void, null and void
- c. 69 CE – 122 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum VI 33:
- Certē omnibus rērum verbōrumque contumēliīs mortuum īnsectātus est, modo stultitiae modo saevitiae arguēns; nam et mōrārī eum dēsīsse inter hominēs prōductā prīmā syllabā iocābātur multaque dēcrēta et cōnstitūta, ut īnsipientis atque dēlīrī, prō irritīs habuit.
- He certainly blamed the dead one [Claudius] with all insults, of deeds and of words, sometimes reproving his stupidity, other times his cruelty; for he jested about him having ceased to be a fool among people (with a lengthened first syllable) as well as having many decrees and edicts of his void, as if those of an unwise and crazy one.
- Certē omnibus rērum verbōrumque contumēliīs mortuum īnsectātus est, modo stultitiae modo saevitiae arguēns; nam et mōrārī eum dēsīsse inter hominēs prōductā prīmā syllabā iocābātur multaque dēcrēta et cōnstitūta, ut īnsipientis atque dēlīrī, prō irritīs habuit.
- ineffective, useless, irrelevant
- Synonyms: incommodus, inūtilis, ineptus, ingrātus, grātuītus, īnfēlīx
- Antonyms: opportūnus, commodus, habilis, idōneus, conveniēns, ūtilis, ūtēnsilis, aptus, salūber
Declension
editFirst/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | irritus | irrita | irritum | irritī | irritae | irrita | |
Genitive | irritī | irritae | irritī | irritōrum | irritārum | irritōrum | |
Dative | irritō | irritō | irritīs | ||||
Accusative | irritum | irritam | irritum | irritōs | irritās | irrita | |
Ablative | irritō | irritā | irritō | irritīs | |||
Vocative | irrite | irrita | irritum | irritī | irritae | irrita |
Descendants
editEtymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /irˈriː.tus/, [ɪrˈriːt̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /irˈri.tus/, [irˈriːt̪us]
Noun
editirrītus m (genitive irrītūs); fourth declension
- Alternative form of hirrītus
Declension
editFourth-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | irrītus | irrītūs |
Genitive | irrītūs | irrītuum |
Dative | irrītuī | irrītibus |
Accusative | irrītum | irrītūs |
Ablative | irrītū | irrītibus |
Vocative | irrītus | irrītūs |
References
edit- “irritus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- irritus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to frustrate, nullify: ad irritum redigere aliquid
- expectation is overthrown: spes ad irritum cadit, ad irritum redigitur
- to annul, revoke a will: testamentum irritum facere, rumpere
- a law is valid: lex rata est (opp. irrita)
- to frustrate, nullify: ad irritum redigere aliquid
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326
Categories:
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *reh₁-
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 3-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin first and second declension adjectives
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin nouns
- Latin fourth declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook