joku

Borôro

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdʒoo̥kʷuu̥/

Noun

joku

1. eye

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Finnish

Etymology

From the pronoun stems jo- (see joka) + ku-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjoku/, [ˈjo̞ku]
• Rhymes: -oku
• Syllabification: jo‧ku

Pronoun

joku

1. (indefinite) someone, somebody

   Joku odottaa sinua.

   Someone is waiting for you

   joku muu ― somebody/-one else

   joku heistä ― someone of them

2. (indefinite, colloquial) something

   joku muu ― "something else" and "somebody else"

3. ~ muu = other (not the one previously referred to).

Determiner

joku

1. (indefinite, colloquial) one, a, any, some

   Äiti, ovella on joku kaupustelija.

   Mom, there's a salesman at the door.

   Joku kaupustelija kävi meillä eilen.

   Some salesman visited us yesterday.

   Ota joku näistä!

   Take one of these!

Usage notes

• In colloquial Finnish, the paradigms of jokin (used of non-human referents in the standard language) and joku (for human referents) have merged. Thus, colloquially, the word joku is used for the nominative (and possibly the genitive) singular and its plural form jotkut is used for the nominative plural when referring to both human and non-human referents, but for all other case categories, the forms originating in the paradigm of jokin are used. This leads to the following pairs in colloquial Finnish:

  joku mies / jollekin miehelle

  some man / to some man

  joku pöytä / jollekin pöydälle

  some table / onto some table

  and in the standard language:

  joku mies / jollekulle miehelle

  (meanings as above)

  jokin pöytä / jollekin pöydälle

  (meanings as above)

Inflection

• Case suffixes are regular. Both the parts get the case suffix. Some cases are practically never used (those forms are in brackets in the table). The lative and causative cases are used as adverbs with completely different meanings than "some" or "someone".

Declension of joku noun case singular plural adverbial form singular plural nominative joku abbr. jk jotkut superessive – – genitive jonkun abbr. jkn joidenkuiden joittenkuitten delative – – partitive jotakuta abbr. jkta joitakuita sublative – – accusative joku, jonkun jotkut lative (joskus) – inessive jossakussa abbr. jkssa joissakuissa temporal – – elative jostakusta abbr. jksta joistakuista causative (jotenkuten) – illative johonkuhun abbr. jkhun joihinkuihin multiplicative – – adessive jollakulla abbr. jklla joillakuilla distributive – – ablative joltakulta abbr. jklta joiltakuilta temp. dist. – – allative jollekulle abbr. jklle joillekuille prolative – – essive jonakuna joinakuina situative – – translative joksikuksi joiksikuiksi oppositive – – instructive – (joinkuin) abessive (jottakutta) (joittakuitta) comitative – (joinekuine)

Related terms

Pronouns with same stems:

• joka
• jokin
• jompikumpi
• kuka
• kukaan
• kukin
• kumpi
• kumpikaan
• kumpikin

See also

• jotta

Anagrams

• juko, koju

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Japanese

Romanization

joku

1. Rōmaji transcription of じょく

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Latvian

Noun

joku m

1. accusative singular form of joks
2. instrumental singular form of joks
3. genitive plural form of joks