ketone

See also: Ketone

English

Etymology

From German Keton, from German Aketon (“acetone”), from French acétone (“acetone”). See acetone.

Noun

ketone (plural ketones)

1. (organic chemistry) A homologous series of organic molecules whose functional group is an oxygen atom joined to a carbon atom—by a double bond—in a carbon-hydrogen based molecule.
   • acetone R₁ = R₂ = CH₃
   • methyl ethyl ketone R₁ = CH₃, R₂ = C₂H₅
   • camphor C₁₀H₁₇O

Derived terms

• keto-
• ketoacidosis
• ketogenesis

• ketone body
• ketosis
• -one

Related terms

• aldehyde R₂ = H
• tautomerism

Translations

organic chemicals with the >CO functional group

• Bulgarian: кетон m (keton)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 酮 (tung⁴)

  Mandarin: 酮 (zh) (tóng)

• Danish: keton (da) c
• Esperanto: ketono
• Finnish: ketoni (fi)
• French: cétone (fr) f
• German: Keton (de) n
• Greek: κετόνη (el) (ketóni)
• Ido: ketono (io)
• Italian: chetone (it) m

• Japanese: ケトン (keton)
• Korean: 케톤 (keton)
• Malay: keton
• Maori: hāparo
• Polish: keton m
• Portuguese: cetona (pt) f
• Russian: кето́н (ru) m (ketón)
• Slovak: ketón (sk)
• Spanish: cetona f, quetona f
• Swedish: keton (sv) c
• Vietnamese: xeton

References

• ketone in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• “ketone” in Douglas Harper, Online Etymology Dictionary, 2001–2021.

Anagrams

• Keeton