kiroilla

Finnish

Etymology

From kirota +‎ -illa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkiroi̯lːɑˣ/, [ˈk̟iro̞i̯lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -iroilːɑ
• Syllabification^(key): ki‧roil‧la

Verb

kiroilla

1. (intransitive) to swear, curse, damn (to use offensive language) in a continuous/indifferent manner

Usage notes

• Being a frequentative verb, kiroilla is used when the cursing lasts longer, is continuous, is temporally more or less indefinite or the cursing is a habit. On the other hand, kirota is used e.g. when a person says one or a few naughty words in a particular situation. The difference can sometimes be translated in English by using the continuous tense.

Conjugation

Inflection of kiroilla (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kiroilen	en kiroile	1st sing.	olen kiroillut	en ole kiroillut
2nd sing.		kiroilet	et kiroile	2nd sing.	olet kiroillut	et ole kiroillut
3rd sing.		kiroilee	ei kiroile	3rd sing.	on kiroillut	ei ole kiroillut
1st plur.		kiroilemme	emme kiroile	1st plur.	olemme kiroilleet	emme ole kiroilleet
2nd plur.		kiroilette	ette kiroile	2nd plur.	olette kiroilleet	ette ole kiroilleet
3rd plur.		kiroilevat	eivät kiroile	3rd plur.	ovat kiroilleet	eivät ole kiroilleet
passive		kiroillaan	ei kiroilla	passive	on kiroiltu	ei ole kiroiltu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kiroilin	en kiroillut	1st sing.	olin kiroillut	en ollut kiroillut
2nd sing.		kiroilit	et kiroillut	2nd sing.	olit kiroillut	et ollut kiroillut
3rd sing.		kiroili	ei kiroillut	3rd sing.	oli kiroillut	ei ollut kiroillut
1st plur.		kiroilimme	emme kiroilleet	1st plur.	olimme kiroilleet	emme olleet kiroilleet
2nd plur.		kiroilitte	ette kiroilleet	2nd plur.	olitte kiroilleet	ette olleet kiroilleet
3rd plur.		kiroilivat	eivät kiroilleet	3rd plur.	olivat kiroilleet	eivät olleet kiroilleet
passive		kiroiltiin	ei kiroiltu	passive	oli kiroiltu	ei ollut kiroiltu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kiroilisin	en kiroilisi	1st sing.	olisin kiroillut	en olisi kiroillut
2nd sing.		kiroilisit	et kiroilisi	2nd sing.	olisit kiroillut	et olisi kiroillut
3rd sing.		kiroilisi	ei kiroilisi	3rd sing.	olisi kiroillut	ei olisi kiroillut
1st plur.		kiroilisimme	emme kiroilisi	1st plur.	olisimme kiroilleet	emme olisi kiroilleet
2nd plur.		kiroilisitte	ette kiroilisi	2nd plur.	olisitte kiroilleet	ette olisi kiroilleet
3rd plur.		kiroilisivat	eivät kiroilisi	3rd plur.	olisivat kiroilleet	eivät olisi kiroilleet
passive		kiroiltaisiin	ei kiroiltaisi	passive	olisi kiroiltu	ei olisi kiroiltu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		kiroile	älä kiroile	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		kiroilkoon	älköön kiroilko	3rd sing.	olkoon kiroillut	älköön olko kiroillut
1st plur.		kiroilkaamme	älkäämme kiroilko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		kiroilkaa	älkää kiroilko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		kiroilkoot	älkööt kiroilko	3rd plur.	olkoot kiroilleet	älkööt olko kiroilleet
passive		kiroiltakoon	älköön kiroiltako	passive	olkoon kiroiltu	älköön olko kiroiltu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kiroillen	en kiroille	1st sing.	lienen kiroillut	en liene kiroillut
2nd sing.		kiroillet	et kiroille	2nd sing.	lienet kiroillut	et liene kiroillut
3rd sing.		kiroillee	ei kiroille	3rd sing.	lienee kiroillut	ei liene kiroillut
1st plur.		kiroillemme	emme kiroille	1st plur.	lienemme kiroilleet	emme liene kiroilleet
2nd plur.		kiroillette	ette kiroille	2nd plur.	lienette kiroilleet	ette liene kiroilleet
3rd plur.		kiroillevat	eivät kiroille	3rd plur.	lienevät kiroilleet	eivät liene kiroilleet
passive		kiroiltaneen	ei kiroiltane	passive	lienee kiroiltu	ei liene kiroiltu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		kiroilla		present	kiroileva	kiroiltava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kiroillakseni kiroillaksemme 2nd kiroillaksesi kiroillaksenne 3rd kiroillakseen kiroillaksensa		past	kiroillut	kiroiltu
2nd	inessive2	kiroillessa	kiroiltaessa	agent3	kiroilema
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kiroillessani kiroillessamme 2nd kiroillessasi kiroillessanne 3rd kiroillessaan kiroillessansa		negative	kiroilematon
	instructive	kiroillen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. 4) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
3rd	inessive	kiroilemassa	—
	elative	kiroilemasta	—
	illative	kiroilemaan	—
	adessive	kiroilemalla	—
	abessive	kiroilematta	—
	instructive	kiroileman	kiroiltaman
4th4	verbal noun	kiroileminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kiroilemaisillani kiroilemaisillamme 2nd kiroilemaisillasi kiroilemaisillanne 3rd kiroilemaisillaan kiroilemaisillansa

Synonyms

• (to swear, curse, damn): manailla

Derived terms

nouns

• kiroileminen
• kiroilija
• kiroilu

 

verbs

• kiroiluttaa

 

Further reading

• “kiroilla”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• koirilla