ladrar

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese ladrar, from Latin lātrāre, present active infinitive of lātrō (“I bark”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laˈðɾaɾ/

Verb

ladrar (first-person singular present ladro, first-person singular preterite ladrei, past participle ladrado)

1. to bark
   • 1370, R. Lorenzo (ed.), Crónica troiana. Introducción e texto. A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page438:

     Os çenoçéfalis an o rrostro moy longo en figura de cã; et nõ falã cõmo homes, mays ladrã cõmo cães, pero que an todo seu siso entrego.

     The Cynocephali have a very long face, such as that of a dog; and they don't speak as men, but they bark as dogs do, but still they have the whole of their intelligence

   Synonym: latir

2. (figurative) to complain

   Synonym: rosmar

Conjugation

Conjugation of ladrarar

	singular			plural
person	first	second	third	first	second	third
Infinitive	eu	ti	el/ela/Vde.	nós	vós	eles/elas/Vdes.
impersonal	ladrarar
personal	ladrarar	ladrarares	ladrarar	ladrararmos	ladrarardes	ladrararen
Gerund
	ladrarando
Past participle	singular			plural
masculine	ladrarado			ladrarados
feminine	ladrarada			ladraradas
Indicative	eu	ti	el/ela/Vde.	nós	vós	eles/elas/Vdes.
present	ladraro	ladraras	ladrara	ladraramos	ladrarades	ladraran
imperfect	ladraraba	ladrarabas	ladraraba	ladrarabamos	ladrarabades	ladraraban
preterite	ladrarei	ladraraches	ladrarou	ladraramos	ladrarastes	ladrararon
pluperfect	ladrarara	ladrararas	ladrarara	ladrararamos	ladrararades	ladrararan
future	ladrararei	ladrararás	ladrarará	ladrararemos	ladrararedes	ladrararán
conditional	ladrararía	ladrararías	ladrararía	ladrarariamos	ladrarariades	ladrararían
Subjunctive	eu	ti	el/ela/Vde.	nós	vós	eles/elas/Vdes.
present	ladrare	ladrares	ladrare	ladraremos	ladraredes	ladraren
preterite	ladrarase	ladrarases	ladrarase	ladrarásemos	ladrarásedes	ladrarasen
future	ladrarar	ladrarares	ladrarar	ladrararmos	ladrarardes	ladrararen
Imperative	–	ti	el/ela/Vde.	nós	vós	eles/elas/Vdes.
affirmative	–	ladrara	ladrare	ladraremos	ladrarade	ladraren
negative	–	ladrares	ladrare	ladraremos	ladraredes	ladraren

Derived terms

• ladra
• ladradela
• ladro

References

• “ladrar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “ladr” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “ladrar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “ladrar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “ladrar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese ladrar, from Latin lātrāre (“to bark”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /laˈdɾa(ʁ)/ [laˈdɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /laˈdɾa(ʁ)/ [laˈdɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /laˈdɾa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /laˈdɾa(ʁ)/ [laˈdɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /laˈdɾa(ɻ)/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /lɐˈdɾaɾ/ [lɐˈðɾaɾ]

• Hyphenation: la‧drar

Verb

ladrar (first-person singular present ladro, first-person singular preterite ladrei, past participle ladrado)

1. (of dogs) to bark

   Synonym: latir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ladrar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ladrar
Personal	ladrar	ladrares	ladrar	ladrarmos	ladrardes	ladrarem
Gerund
	ladrando
Past participle
Masculine	ladrado			ladrados
Feminine	ladrada			ladradas
Indicative
Present	ladro	ladras	ladra	ladramos	ladrais	ladram
Imperfect	ladrava	ladravas	ladrava	ladrávamos	ladráveis	ladravam
Preterite	ladrei	ladraste	ladrou	ladramos1, ladrámos2	ladrastes	ladraram
Pluperfect	ladrara	ladraras	ladrara	ladráramos	ladráreis	ladraram
Future	ladrarei	ladrarás	ladrará	ladraremos	ladrareis	ladrarão
Conditional
	ladraria	ladrarias	ladraria	ladraríamos	ladraríeis	ladrariam
Subjunctive
Present	ladre	ladres	ladre	ladremos	ladreis	ladrem
Imperfect	ladrasse	ladrasses	ladrasse	ladrássemos	ladrásseis	ladrassem
Future	ladrar	ladrares	ladrar	ladrarmos	ladrardes	ladrarem
Imperative
Affirmative		ladra	ladre	ladremos	ladrai	ladrem
Negative (não)		não ladres	não ladre	não ladremos	não ladreis	não ladrem

¹Brazil.
²Portugal.

Derived terms

• cão que ladra não morde
• os cães ladram, mas a caravana passa
• ladrador

See also

• latido

Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish ladrar, from Latin lātrāre, present active infinitive of lātrō. Compare English latrate.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laˈdɾaɾ/ [laˈð̞ɾaɾ]

• Audio (Colombia)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: la‧drar

Verb

ladrar (first-person singular present ladro, first-person singular preterite ladré, past participle ladrado)

1. (intransitive, of dogs) to bark

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ladrar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			ladrar
gerund			ladrando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		ladrado		ladrada
		plural		ladrados		ladradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	ladro	ladrastú ladrásvos	ladra	ladramos	ladráis	ladran
	imperfect	ladraba	ladrabas	ladraba	ladrábamos	ladrabais	ladraban
	preterite	ladré	ladraste	ladró	ladramos	ladrasteis	ladraron
	future	ladraré	ladrarás	ladrará	ladraremos	ladraréis	ladrarán
	conditional	ladraría	ladrarías	ladraría	ladraríamos	ladraríais	ladrarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	ladre	ladrestú ladrésvos2	ladre	ladremos	ladréis	ladren
	imperfect (ra)	ladrara	ladraras	ladrara	ladráramos	ladrarais	ladraran
	imperfect (se)	ladrase	ladrases	ladrase	ladrásemos	ladraseis	ladrasen
	future1	ladrare	ladrares	ladrare	ladráremos	ladrareis	ladraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		ladratú ladrávos	ladre	ladremos	ladrad	ladren
	negative		no ladres	no ladre	no ladremos	no ladréis	no ladren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of ladrar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive ladrar
	dative	ladrarme	ladrarte	ladrarle, ladrarse	ladrarnos	ladraros	ladrarles, ladrarse
	accusative	ladrarme	ladrarte	ladrarlo, ladrarla, ladrarse	ladrarnos	ladraros	ladrarlos, ladrarlas, ladrarse
with gerund ladrando
	dative	ladrándome	ladrándote	ladrándole, ladrándose	ladrándonos	ladrándoos	ladrándoles, ladrándose
	accusative	ladrándome	ladrándote	ladrándolo, ladrándola, ladrándose	ladrándonos	ladrándoos	ladrándolos, ladrándolas, ladrándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative ladra
	dative	ládrame	ládrate	ládrale	ládranos	not used	ládrales
	accusative	ládrame	ládrate	ládralo, ládrala	ládranos	not used	ládralos, ládralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative ladrá
	dative	ladrame	ladrate	ladrale	ladranos	not used	ladrales
	accusative	ladrame	ladrate	ladralo, ladrala	ladranos	not used	ladralos, ladralas
with formal second-person singular imperative ladre
	dative	ládreme	not used	ládrele, ládrese	ládrenos	not used	ládreles
	accusative	ládreme	not used	ládrelo, ládrela, ládrese	ládrenos	not used	ládrelos, ládrelas
with first-person plural imperative ladremos
	dative	not used	ladrémoste	ladrémosle	ladrémonos	ladrémoos	ladrémosles
	accusative	not used	ladrémoste	ladrémoslo, ladrémosla	ladrémonos	ladrémoos	ladrémoslos, ladrémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative ladrad
	dative	ladradme	not used	ladradle	ladradnos	ladraos	ladradles
	accusative	ladradme	not used	ladradlo, ladradla	ladradnos	ladraos	ladradlos, ladradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative ladren
	dative	ládrenme	not used	ládrenle	ládrennos	not used	ládrenles, ládrense
	accusative	ládrenme	not used	ládrenlo, ládrenla	ládrennos	not used	ládrenlos, ládrenlas, ládrense

Derived terms

• ladrar pero no morder

Related terms

• ladrido

Further reading

• “ladrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014