# localization

## English

### Etymology

From localize +‎ -ation; compare French localisation.

### Pronunciation

• IPA(key): /ˌləʊkəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
•  Audio (UK) (file)

### Noun

localization (countable and uncountable, plural localizations)

1. The act of localizing.
2. (software engineering) The act, process, or result of making a product suitable for use in a particular country or region.
Coordinate terms: internationalization, i18n
3. (translation studies, chiefly software, marketing) The act, process, or result of adapting translated text to fit a local culture; domestication.
4. The state of being localized.
5. (algebra) A systematic method of adding multiplicative inverses to a ring.
6. (algebra) A ring of fractions of a given ring, such that the complement of the set of allowed denominators is an ideal.
• 2007, Ivan Fesenko, “Rings and modules”, in G13ALS Algebra 2, 2007/2008 @ maths.nottingham.ac.uk[1], page 27:
3) Geometric interpretation of the localization.
Let V be an irreducible algebraic variety. Then P = J(V) is a prime ideal of ${\displaystyle \mathbb {C} [X_{1},...,X_{n}]}$  and so ${\displaystyle \mathbb {C} [V]=\mathbb {C} [X_{1},...,X_{n}]/J(V)}$  is an integral domain.
The localization ${\displaystyle \mathbb {C} [X_{1},...,X_{n}]_{P}}$  is a subring of ${\displaystyle \mathbb {C} (X_{1},...,X_{n})}$  consisting of rational functions ${\displaystyle \{f/g:f,g\in \mathbb {C} [X_{1},...,X_{n}],g\notin P\}}$  which are defined on a nonempty subset of V. If V = {x} is a point, then P is maximal and ${\displaystyle \mathbb {C} [X_{1},...,X_{n}]_{P}=\{f/g:f,g\in \mathbb {C} [X_{1},...,X_{n}],g(x)\neq 0\}}$  consists of rational functions which are defined at x.

#### Usage notes

The third sense is often used in certain media industries such as software (including video games), marketing, anime, and manga in juxtaposition with translation to imply a less literal and more culturalized rendering of the source text. However, in traditional literary and academic contexts, the terms domestication and foreignization are preferred, and both fall under the umbrella of translation.

#### Translations

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