orthogonal
Contents
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From French orthogonal, from Medieval Latin orthogonalis, from Latin orthogonius (“right-angled”).
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
orthogonal (not comparable)
- (geometry) Of two objects, at right angles; perpendicular to each other.
- A chord and the radius that bisects it are orthogonal.
- (mathematics)
- Of a pair of vectors: having a zero inner product; perpendicular.
- The normal vector and tangent vector at a given point are orthogonal.
- Of a square matrix: such that its transpose is equal to its inverse.
- Of a linear transformation: preserving its angles.
- Of grid graphs, board games and polyominoes: vertical or horizontal but not diagonal.
- Of a pair of vectors: having a zero inner product; perpendicular.
- (statistics) Statistically independent, with reference to variates.
- (software engineering) Of two or more aspects of a problem, able to be treated separately.
- The content of the message should be orthogonal to the means of its delivery.
- Of two or more problems or subjects, independent of or irrelevant to each other.
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
of right angles
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mathematical term
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statistically independent
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able to be treated separately
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See alsoEdit
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ancient Greek ορθός (orthós, “correct, straight, right”) and γωνία (gōnía, “angle”).
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
orthogonal (feminine singular orthogonale, masculine plural orthogonaux, feminine plural orthogonales)
Further readingEdit
- “orthogonal” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Medieval Latin orthogonalis, from Latin orthogonius (“right-angled”).
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
orthogonal (not comparable)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of orthogonal
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | er ist orthogonal | sie ist orthogonal | es ist orthogonal | sie sind orthogonal | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | orthogonaler | orthogonale | orthogonales | orthogonale |
genitive | orthogonalen | orthogonaler | orthogonalen | orthogonaler | |
dative | orthogonalem | orthogonaler | orthogonalem | orthogonalen | |
accusative | orthogonalen | orthogonale | orthogonales | orthogonale | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der orthogonale | die orthogonale | das orthogonale | die orthogonalen |
genitive | des orthogonalen | der orthogonalen | des orthogonalen | der orthogonalen | |
dative | dem orthogonalen | der orthogonalen | dem orthogonalen | den orthogonalen | |
accusative | den orthogonalen | die orthogonale | das orthogonale | die orthogonalen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein orthogonaler | eine orthogonale | ein orthogonales | (keine) orthogonalen |
genitive | eines orthogonalen | einer orthogonalen | eines orthogonalen | (keiner) orthogonalen | |
dative | einem orthogonalen | einer orthogonalen | einem orthogonalen | (keinen) orthogonalen | |
accusative | einen orthogonalen | eine orthogonale | ein orthogonales | (keine) orthogonalen |