particular
English edit
Alternative forms edit
- perticular (obsolete)
Etymology edit
From Middle English particuler, from Anglo-Norman particuler, Middle French particuler, particulier, from Late Latin particularis (“partial; separate, individual”), from Latin particula (“(small) part”). Equivalent to particle + -ar. Compare particle.
Pronunciation edit
- (UK) IPA(key): /pəˈtɪk.jʊ.lə/
- (non-rhotic) IPA(key): /pəˈtɪk.jə.lə/
- (rhotic) IPA(key): /pɚˈtɪk.jə.lɚ/
Audio (US) (file)
- (US, Canada, rhotic, r-dissimilation) IPA(key): /pəˈtɪk.jə.lɚ/
Audio (CA) (file)
- Hyphenation: par‧tic‧u‧lar
- Rhymes: -ɪkjʊlə(ɹ)
Adjective edit
particular (comparative more particular, superlative most particular) (also non-comparable)
- (obsolete) Pertaining only to a part of something; partial.
- Specific; discrete; concrete.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:specific
- Antonym: general
- I couldn't find the particular model you asked for, but I hope this one will do.
- We knew it was named after John Smith, but nobody knows which particular John Smith.
- c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene v]:
- I could a tale unfold whose lightest word / Would harrow up thy soul, freeze thy young blood, / Make thy two eyes, like stars, start from their spheres, / Thy knotted and combined locks to part / And each particular hair to stand on end
- Specialised; characteristic of a specific person or thing.
- Synonyms: optimized, specialistic
- I don't appreciate your particular brand of cynicism.
- 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Gardens”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:
- wheresoever one plant draweth such a particular juice out of the earth
- (obsolete) Known only to an individual person or group; confidential.
- c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:
- or these domesticke and particular broiles, Are not the question heere.
- Distinguished in some way; special (often in negative constructions).
- My five favorite places are, in no particular order, New York, Chicago, Paris, San Francisco and London.
- I didn't have any particular interest in the book.
- He brought no particular news.
- She was the particular belle of the party.
- (comparable) Of a person, concerned with, or attentive to, details; fastidious.
- Synonyms: minute, precise, fastidious; see also Thesaurus:fastidious
- He is very particular about his food and if it isn't cooked to perfection he will send it back.
- These women are more particular about their appearance.
- 1929, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, When the World Screamed[1]:
- There is a scraper as well as a mat, and Mrs. Challenger is most particular.
- Concerned with, or attentive to, details; minute; circumstantial; precise.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:meticulous
- a full and particular account of an accident
- (law) Containing a part only; limited.
- a particular estate, or one precedent to an estate in remainder
- (law) Holding a particular estate.
- 1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:
- a particular tenant
- (logic) Forming a part of a genus; relatively limited in extension; affirmed or denied of a part of a subject.
- a particular proposition, opposed to "universal", e.g. (particular affirmative) "Some men are wise"; (particular negative) "Some men are not wise".
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Further reading edit
- “particular”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Noun edit
particular (plural particulars)
- A small individual part of something larger; a detail, a point. [from 15th c.]
- 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “Several Contrivances of the Author to Please the King and Queen. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part II (A Voyage to Brobdingnag), page 259:
- I did not omit even our Sports and Paſtimes, or any other Particular which I thought might redound to the Honour of my Country.
- (obsolete) A person's own individual case. [16th–19th c.]
- 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 16, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
- Since philosophy could never find any way for tranquillity that might be generally good, let every man in his particular seeke for it.
- 1658, Henry Hammond, Whole Duty of Man:
- temporal blessings, whether such as concern the public […] or such as concern our particular
- (now philosophy, chiefly in plural) A particular case; an individual thing as opposed to a whole class. (Opposed to generals, universals.) [from 17th c.]
- 1912, Bertrand Russel, The Problems of Philosophy, Chapter 9:
- When we examine common words, we find that, broadly speaking, proper names stand for particulars, while other substantives, adjectives, prepositions, and verbs stand for universals.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin particulāris.
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): (Central) [pər.ti.kuˈlar]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [pər.ti.kuˈla]
- IPA(key): (Valencian) [paɾ.ti.kuˈlaɾ]
Adjective edit
particular m or f (masculine and feminine plural particulars)
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
particular m (plural particulars)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “particular” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “particular”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “particular” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “particular” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin particulāris, corresponding to partícula + -ar.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: par‧ti‧cu‧lar
Adjective edit
particular m or f (plural particulares, comparable, comparative mais particular, superlative o mais particular or particularíssimo)
- private (concerning, accessible or belonging to an individual person or group)
- 2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 400:
- Não devia estar num quarto particular?
- Shouldn't he be in a private room?
- private (not belonging to the government)
- particular; specific
- Synonym: específico
- particular; distinguished; exceptional
- Synonym: excepcional
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin particularis or German partikular. By surface analysis, particulă + -ar.
Adjective edit
particular m or n (feminine singular particulară, masculine plural particulari, feminine and neuter plural particulare)
Declension edit
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | particular | particulară | particulari | particulare | ||
definite | particularul | particulara | particularii | particularele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | particular | particulare | particulari | particulare | ||
definite | particularului | particularei | particularilor | particularelor |
Noun edit
particular m (plural particulari)
- private person
Declension edit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) particular | particularul | (niște) particulari | particularii |
genitive/dative | (unui) particular | particularului | (unor) particulari | particularilor |
vocative | particularule | particularilor |
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin particulāris.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
particular m or f (masculine and feminine plural particulares)
- specific, particular
- Synonyms: concreto, específico
- peculiar, strange
- personal
- Synonym: personal
- private
- Synonym: privado
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Noun edit
particular m (plural particulares)
- individual, private citizen
Further reading edit
- “particular”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014