pas
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
pas (plural pas)
- (now rare) The right of going foremost; precedence. [from 18th c.]
- 1792, Charlotte Smith, Desmond, Broadview 2001, p. 71:
- ‘Nobody of any elegance of manners can exist, where tradesmen, attornies, and mechanics have the pas.’
- 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 9, in Vanity Fair, London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, OCLC 3174108:
- Even Mrs. Bute Crawley, the Rector's wife, refused to visit her, as she said she would never give the pas to a tradesman's daughter.
- 1792, Charlotte Smith, Desmond, Broadview 2001, p. 71:
- A step in a dance. [from 18th c.]
- 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 18, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, OCLC 2057953:
- The premier pas in life is the most important of all ……
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
- see pa
NounEdit
pas
AnagramsEdit
AfrikaansEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
pas (plural passe)
- pace, step
- pass (a card or document)
- die paswette tydens die apartheidsjare - the pass laws during the years of apartheid
ReferencesEdit
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
AlbanianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Albanian *pa ̊, from Proto-Indo-European *pós (“directly to, at, after”). Cognate to Ancient Greek πός (pós, “at, to, by”), Old Church Slavonic по (po, “behind, after”).
PrepositionEdit
pas (+ablative)
AdverbEdit
pas
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
AragoneseEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
pas
- emphasises a negation; (not) at all; (not) ever
- 2010, Academia de l’Aragonés, Propuesta ortografica de l’Academia de l’Aragonés, 2nd edition, Edacar, page I:
- –pero no pas superficial, asperamos–
- – but not at all superficial, we hope –
- –pero no pas superficial, asperamos–
- 2010, Academia de l’Aragonés, Propuesta ortografica de l’Academia de l’Aragonés, 2nd edition, Edacar, page 20:
- No ocurre pas debant de f-, […]
- It doesn’t ever occur before f-, […]
- No ocurre pas debant de f-, […]
- 2010, Academia de l’Aragonés, Propuesta ortografica de l’Academia de l’Aragonés, 2nd edition, Edacar, page I:
See alsoEdit
AsturianEdit
NounEdit
pas m pl
AzerbaijaniEdit
NounEdit
pas (definite accusative pası, plural paslar)
- rust
- deteriorated state of iron or steel
- disease of plants
- (figuratively) shame, disgrace, infamy
- Synonym: eyib
DeclensionEdit
Declension of pas | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | pas |
paslar | ||||||
definite accusative | pası |
pasları | ||||||
dative | pasa |
paslara | ||||||
locative | pasda |
paslarda | ||||||
ablative | pasdan |
paslardan | ||||||
definite genitive | pasın |
pasların |
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “pas” in Obastan.com.
Bau BidayuhEdit
NounEdit
pas
- squirrel (rodent)
CatalanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Catalan pas, from Latin passus (“step”). Its use as an auxiliary adverb comes from an accusative use (Latin nec…passum) in negative constructions – literally ‘not…a step’, i.e. ‘not at all’ – originally used with certain verbs of motion. Compare similarly used French pas. Cognate with Galician and Spanish paso and Portuguese passo.
NounEdit
pas m (plural passos)
- pace, step
- (historical, measure) paso, Spanish pace, a traditional unit of length
- (figuratively) pace, action
- pace, gait, rhythm of walking
SynonymsEdit
Coordinate termsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
AdverbEdit
pas
- (in negative sentences) Used to intensify negation: at all, ever
- No feu pas això ― Do not ever do this
- No serà pas important. ― It won't matter. (literally, “It won't be so important.”)
Usage notesEdit
The main marker of negation in Catalan is the adverb no. No is placed before the verbs, while pas is usually placed after it. Unlike Occitan or French, where pas and pas is a mandatory negative particle (under many circumstances); in Catalan, pas is only used as an optional intensifier of negation. However, some northern dialects use "pas" instead of "no" as the mandatory negative particle. Also, in many dialects "pas" has totally disappeared.
Etymology 2Edit
Back-formation from passar.
NounEdit
pas m (plural passos)
- passing
- crossing
- pas zebra ― zebra crossing
- passage
- ritu de pas ― rite of passage
- pitch (distance between evenly spaced objects)
- pas de rosca ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- pas polar ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “pas” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “pas”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana[1], Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “pas” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “pas” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
ChuukeseEdit
PrepositionEdit
pas
CzechEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
pas m inan
- Alternative form of pás (“waist”)
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
pas m inan
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 3Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
VerbEdit
pas
Further readingEdit
- pas in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- pas in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
DanishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Borrowed from German Pass, from Italian passaporto.
NounEdit
pas n (singular definite passet, plural indefinite pas)
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From French pas and German Pass, from Latin passus.
NounEdit
pas n (singular definite passet, plural indefinite passer)
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 3Edit
Borrowed from French passe, from French passer.
NounEdit
pas c (singular definite passen, plural indefinite passer)
DeclensionEdit
Further readingEdit
- “pas” in Den Danske Ordbog
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Deverbal from passen, from Middle Dutch passen, from pas, from Old French pas, from Latin passus. Equivalent to a derivation from etymology 2.
AdverbEdit
pas
- just, recently
- hardly
- only, not until, not any sooner
- Pas als je kamer is opgeruimd, krijg je een koekje.
- Only when your room has been cleaned up, you'll get a cookie.
- now … really
- Da's pas stoer!
- Now that is really cool!
DescendantsEdit
- Afrikaans: pas
- Negerhollands: pas
- → Aukan: pasi pasi
- → Caribbean Hindustani: pás
- → Caribbean Javanese: pas
- → Volapük: pas
AdjectiveEdit
pas (used only predicatively, not comparable)
- fitting, having a proper fit, having the correct size and shape
- Die schoenen zijn niet pas.
- Those shoes do not fit well.
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- → Indonesian: pas
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle Dutch pas, from Old French pas, from Latin passus.
NounEdit
pas m (plural passen, diminutive pasje n)
- pace, step; also as a measure of distance
- (geography) mountain pass
- fit of an object, notably depending on forms and/or dimensions
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
From paspoort or from etymology 2.
NounEdit
pas m (plural passen, diminutive pasje n)
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Afrikaans: pas
- → Caribbean Javanese: layang pas
- → Indonesian: pas
- → Papiamentu: pas
Etymology 4Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
VerbEdit
pas
AnagramsEdit
FinnishEdit
EtymologyEdit
< passata
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
pas
- (card games) I pass!
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French pas, from Latin passus.
Its use as an auxiliary negative adverb comes from an accusative use (Latin nec… passum) in negative constructions – literally “not… a step”, i.e. “not at all” – originally used with certain verbs of motion. In older French other nouns could also be used in this way, such as ne… goutte (“not… a drop”) and ne… mie (“not… a crumb”), but in the modern language pas has become grammaticalised.
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): /pa/, /pɑ/
audio (France) (file) audio (Quebec) (file) audio (Quebec, formal) (file) - Rhymes: -a, -ɑ
NounEdit
pas m (plural pas)
- step, pace, footstep
- 2018, Zaz, On s'en remet jamais
- Des pas qu'on gravait dans la neige sont partis avec le printemps.
- Steps we etched in the snow are gone with the [arrival of] spring.
- 2018, Zaz, On s'en remet jamais
- (geography) strait, pass
- Pas de Calais ― Strait of Dover
- thread, pitch (of a screw or nut)
Derived termsEdit
- à deux pas
- à grands pas
- allonger le pas
- à pas de géant
- à pas de loup
- à pas de tortue
- à pas feutrés
- au pas de charge
- au pas de course
- au pas de gymnastique
- céder le pas
- de ce pas
- emboîter le pas
- en dire des vertes et des pas mûres
- faire le premier pas
- faire les cent pas
- faux pas
- franchir le pas
- il n'y a que le premier pas qui coûte
- marquer le pas
- mettre au pas
- pas à pas
- pas chassé
- pas d'armes
- Pas de Calais
- pas de chat
- pas japonais
- prendre le pas
- presser le pas
- revenir sur ses pas
- salle des pas perdus
- sauter le pas
- tirer d'un mauvais pas
AdverbEdit
pas
- The most common adverb of negation in French, typically translating into English as not, don't, doesn't, etc.
- Je ne sais pas.
- I don't know
- Ma grande sœur n'habite pas avec nous.
- My big sister doesn't live with us.
- J’veux pas travailler.
- I don't wanna work.
Usage notesEdit
- The adverb of negation pas is normally used in conjunction with the particle ne, as in the examples Je ne sais pas and Ma grande sœur n’habite pas avec nous above. In colloquial language, ne can be dropped, as in the example J'veux pas travailler above.
- Word order:[1]
- Pas directly follows the inflected verb, which itself follows the particle ne;
- Il ne mange pas. ― He's not eating.
- Ne le touchez pas. ― Don't touch him.
- in compound verb structures it is placed between the inflected auxiliary and the participle.
- Il n'a pas mangé. ― He didn't eat.
- When negating an infinitive verb, pas normally follows ne and precedes that verb in the construction ne pas + infinitive (though the sequence ne + infinitive + pas was common in the Classical French of the 17th and 18th centuries).
- Il a reçu une leçon à ne pas oublier. ― He received a lesson not to be forgotten.
- pas can be placed before an adverb that modifies all or part of a verbal syntagma, but it directly follows an adverb that modifies the whole sentence.
- Je n'ai pas vraiment compris. ― I didn't truly understand.
- Il n'est probablement pas arrivé. ― He probably hasn't arrived.
- Certain adverbs (e.g. même) can be used before or after pas without affecting the meaning of the phrase. With other adverbs (e.g. toujours), there may be considerable difference in meaning depending on whether pas comes before or after.
- pas toujours ― not always
- toujours pas ― still not
- Pas directly follows the inflected verb, which itself follows the particle ne;
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ “pas”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
FriulianEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
pas m (plural pass)
Related termsEdit
IndonesianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Borrowed from Dutch passend, pas, from Middle Dutch pas, passen, from Old French pas, from Latin passus, pandere (“to spread, unfold, stretch”), from Proto-Indo-European *patno-, *pete- (“to spread, stretch out”).
- Sense of "to pass, to achieve a successful outcome from" is semantic loan from Malay pas or English pass which both are cognate of above.
NounEdit
pas (plural pas-pas, first-person possessive pasku, second-person possessive pasmu, third-person possessive pasnya)
- pass, permission or license to pass, or to go and come
- mountain pass
Related termsEdit
AdjectiveEdit
pas (comparative lebih pas, superlative paling pas)
- (colloquial) fit, suitable, proper.
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
VerbEdit
pas
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
pas (first-person possessive pasku, second-person possessive pasmu, third-person possessive pasnya)
Further readingEdit
- “pas” in Online Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language [Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Daring], Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
pas m (genitive singular pas, nominative plural pasanna)
DeclensionEdit
MutationEdit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
pas | phas | bpas |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
LithuanianEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
pàs
Lower SorbianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *pojasъ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
pas m
DeclensionEdit
Middle FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French pas.
NounEdit
pas m (plural pas)
DescendantsEdit
- French: pas
OccitanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Occitan pas, from Latin passus.
AdverbEdit
pas
- (after the verb) not (negates the meaning of a verb)
- Intensifies adverbs of negation
- pas jamai ― never ever
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
pas m
Old FrenchEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
pas m (oblique plural pas, nominative singular pas, nominative plural pas)
- pace; step
- 13th c., uncertain (perhaps Adam de la Halle), Li Jus du pelerin :
- Segnieur, pelerins sui, si ai alé maint pas, / par viles, par castiaus, par chités, par trespas.
- Sirs, I am a pilgrim, and I have travelled a lot (literally, "I have gone steps a lot"), through towns, castles, cities, passageways.
- Segnieur, pelerins sui, si ai alé maint pas, / par viles, par castiaus, par chités, par trespas.
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Latin pastus (“pasture”).
NounEdit
pas m (oblique plural pas, nominative singular pas, nominative plural pas)
- Alternative form of past
- 13th c., uncertain (perhaps Adam de la Halle), Li Jus du pelerin :
- S'aroie bien mestier que je fusse à repas, / car n'ai mie par tout mout bien trouvé mes pas.
- It'd be great to make some arrangement so I can have a meal, because not always, not at all, have I found food wherever I've been.
- S'aroie bien mestier que je fusse à repas, / car n'ai mie par tout mout bien trouvé mes pas.
See alsoEdit
PapiamentuEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Portuguese paz and Spanish paz and Kabuverdianu pás.
NounEdit
pas
PhaluraEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Pashto [script needed] (pas).
PronunciationEdit
PostpositionEdit
pas (پس)
- after
ReferencesEdit
- Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
PolishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pojasъ.
NounEdit
pas m inan
DeclensionEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- pás (obsolete, dialectal)
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
pas m inan
- (in card games) pass
Etymology 3Edit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
pas m inan
Further readingEdit
- pas in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- pas in Polish dictionaries at PWN
RomanianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
pas m (plural pași)
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Borrowed from German Pass, French pas.
NounEdit
pas n (plural pasuri)
- mountain pass
- Synonym: trecătoare
- (dated) passport
- Synonym: pașaport
DeclensionEdit
Scottish GaelicEdit
NounEdit
pas m (genitive singular pais, plural pasaichean)
- pass (permission)
Serbo-CroatianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
pȁs m (Cyrillic spelling па̏с)
- dog
- Volim svog psa. ― I love my dog.
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Shortened form of pȍjās.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
pȃs m (Cyrillic spelling па̑с)
DeclensionEdit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | pȃs | pásovi / pȁsovi |
genitive | pȃsa | pásōvā / pȁsōvā |
dative | pȃsu | pásovima / pȁsovima |
accusative | pȃs | pásove / pȁsove |
vocative | pȃse | pásovi / pȁsovi |
locative | pásu | pásovima / pȁsovima |
instrumental | pȃsom | pásovima / pȁsovima |
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
From English pass or French passe.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
pȃs m (Cyrillic spelling па̑с)
DeclensionEdit
TatarEdit
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
pas
Tok PisinEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
pas
Derived termsEdit
- skin pas (envelope)
AdjectiveEdit
pas
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TurkishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish پاس (“rust”).
NounEdit
pas (definite accusative pası, plural paslar)
- rust (oxidation of metal)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | pas | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | pası | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | pas | paslar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | pası | pasları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | pasa | paslara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | pasta | paslarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | pastan | paslardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | pasın | pasların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Borrowed from English pass or from French passe.
NounEdit
pas (definite accusative pası, plural paslar)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
InterjectionEdit
pas
- (card games) A phrase indicating that the player is declining to play their turn; I pass
Further readingEdit
- pas in Turkish dictionaries at Türk Dil Kurumu
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “pas1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük[2]
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “pas2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük[3]
- Ayverdi, İlhan (2010), “pas”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük[4], a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “pas”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3708
VolapükEdit
EtymologyEdit
Apparently introduced by Arie de Jong in Volapük Nulik. If so, probably borrowed from Dutch pas.
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
pas