probo

See also: Probo, probó, and próbo

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin probus, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰuH-s (“being in front”), from *pro- (“being in front”), extended form of the root *per (“through, forward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈprɔ.bo/

Adjective

probo (feminine proba, masculine plural probi, feminine plural probe)

1. having strong moral principles; honest, decent, virtuous

Derived terms

• probamente

Related terms

• probità

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *proβwāō, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰH-wó-s (“being in front”), from *pro- (“forward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”). Equivalent to probus (“good, fit”) +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpro.boː/, [ˈprɔboː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpro.bo/, [ˈprɔːbɔ]

Verb

probō (present infinitive probāre, perfect active probāvī, supine probātum); first conjugation

1. to approve, I commend
2. to test, I inspect
3. to demonstrate, I prove, I show

   106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Pro Ligario 16.2:

   Quod sī probāre Caesarī possēmus in Āfricā Ligārium omninō nōn fuisse […]

   But if we could prove to Caesar that Ligarius wasn't even in Africa […]

4. to acquit, exonerate

Conjugation

Conjugation of probō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	probō	probās	probat	probāmus	probātis	probant
	imperfect	probābam	probābās	probābat	probābāmus	probābātis	probābant
	future	probābō	probābis	probābit	probābimus	probābitis	probābunt
	perfect	probāvī	probāvistī, probāstī1	probāvit	probāvimus	probāvistis, probāstis1	probāvērunt, probāvēre
	pluperfect	probāveram	probāverās	probāverat	probāverāmus	probāverātis	probāverant
	future perfect	probāverō	probāveris	probāverit	probāverimus	probāveritis	probāverint
passive	present	probor	probāris, probāre	probātur	probāmur	probāminī	probantur
	imperfect	probābar	probābāris, probābāre	probābātur	probābāmur	probābāminī	probābantur
	future	probābor	probāberis, probābere	probābitur	probābimur	probābiminī	probābuntur
	perfect	probātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	probātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	probātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	probem	probēs	probet	probēmus	probētis	probent
	imperfect	probārem	probārēs	probāret	probārēmus	probārētis	probārent
	perfect	probāverim	probāverīs	probāverit	probāverīmus	probāverītis	probāverint
	pluperfect	probāvissem, probāssem1	probāvissēs, probāssēs1	probāvisset, probāsset1	probāvissēmus, probāssēmus1	probāvissētis, probāssētis1	probāvissent, probāssent1
passive	present	prober	probēris, probēre	probētur	probēmur	probēminī	probentur
	imperfect	probārer	probārēris, probārēre	probārētur	probārēmur	probārēminī	probārentur
	perfect	probātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	probātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	probā	—	—	probāte	—
	future	—	probātō	probātō	—	probātōte	probantō
passive	present	—	probāre	—	—	probāminī	—
	future	—	probātor	probātor	—	—	probantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		probāre	probāvisse, probāsse1	probātūrum esse	probārī	probātum esse	probātum īrī
participles		probāns	—	probātūrus	—	probātus	probandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		probandī	probandō	probandum	probandō	probātum	probātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• approbō
• comprobō
• improbō
• proba
• probābilis
• probāmentum
• probātor
• probātus
• reprobō

Descendants

• Aragonese: prebar
• Asturian: probar
• Catalan: provar
• Dutch: proberen, proeven
• English: probe, prove
• Friulian: provâ
• Galician: probar
• German: probieren, proben, prüfen
• Hungarian: próbál
• Italian: provare
• Occitan: provar
• Old French: prouver, pruver
  • French: prouver
• Old Irish: promaid
  • Irish: promh
• Portuguese: provar
• Romanian: proba
• Romansch: pruvar, pruver, pruar, provar
• Sardinian: proai, proare, probare, provai, provare
• Sicilian: pruvari
• Spanish: probar
• Venetian: provar, proar

References

• probo in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• probo in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• probo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a thing meets with my approval: res mihi probatur
    
  • I express my approval of a thing: res a me probatur
    
  • to quote precedents for a thing: aliquid exemplis probare, comprobare, confirmare
    
  • to prove one's point to a person's satisfaction: aliquid alicui probare (or c. Acc. c. Inf.)
    
  • it follows from what we have shown: hoc probato consequens est
    
• probo in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

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Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin probus (“good, virtuous”)

Adjective

probo m (feminine singular proba, masculine plural probos, feminine plural probas, comparable)

1. Having strong moral principles; honest, decent, virtuous

Related terms

• probidade

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Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin probus.

Adjective

probo (feminine proba, masculine plural probos, feminine plural probas)

1. (formal) honest, upright

Derived terms

• probidad

Further reading

• “probo” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.