rós

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ros"

Icelandic

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rosa (“rose”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrouːs/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ouːs

Noun

rós f (genitive singular rósar, nominative plural rósir)

1. rose

   Þær fegurstu rósir sem ég hef séð, eru þær sem falla fyrst.

   The most beautiful roses that I have seen are those that fall first.

Declension

Declension of rós (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	rós	rósin	rósir	rósirnar
accusative	rós	rósina	rósir	rósirnar
dative	rós	rósinni	rósum	rósunum
genitive	rósar	rósarinnar	rósa	rósanna

Derived terms

• rósarunni
• rósakál
• Sigurrós

Related terms

• Rósa

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /ɾˠoːsˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɾˠɔːsˠ/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish rós, borrowed from Latin rosa.

Noun

rós m (genitive singular róis, nominative plural rósanna)

1. rose (flower)
2. (architecture, electricity, heraldry) rose

Declension

Declension of rós (first declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative rós rósanna vocative a róis a rósanna genitive róis rósanna dative rós rósanna forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an rós na rósanna genitive an róis na rósanna dative leis an rós don rós leis na rósanna

Alternative forms

• rósa

Derived terms

• bior-rós m (“water-lily”)
• rós-hocas m (“rose-mallow”)
• rós Mhuire m (“rosemary”)
• rós tae m, taerós m (“tea-rose”)

Etymology 2

Verb

rós (present analytic rósann, future analytic rósfaidh, verbal noun rósadh, past participle rósta)

1. (ambitransitive) Alternative form of róst (“roast”)

Conjugation

conjugation of rós (first conjugation – A)

verbal noun	rósadh
past participle	rósta
tense	singular			plural			relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative
present	rósaim	rósann tú; rósair†	rósann sé, sí	rósaimid	rósann sibh	rósann siad; rósaid†	a rósann; a rósas	róstar
past	rós mé; rósas	rós tú; rósais	rós sé, sí	rósamar; rós muid	rós sibh; rósabhair	rós siad; rósadar	a rós / ar rós*	rósadh
past habitual	rósainn	róstá	rósadh sé, sí	rósaimis; rósadh muid	rósadh sibh	rósaidís; rósadh siad	a rósadh / a rósadh*	róstaí
future	rósfaidh mé; rósfad	rósfaidh tú; rósfair†	rósfaidh sé, sí	rósfaimid; rósfaidh muid	rósfaidh sibh	rósfaidh siad; rósfaid†	a rósfaidh; a rósfas	rósfar
conditional	rósfainn	rósfá	rósfadh sé, sí	rósfaimis; rósfadh muid	rósfadh sibh	rósfaidís; rósfadh siad	a rósfadh / a rósfadh*	rósfaí
subjunctive
present	go rósa mé; go rósad†	go rósa tú; go rósair†	go rósa sé, sí	go rósaimid; go rósa muid	go rósa sibh	go rósa siad; go rósaid†	—	go róstar
past	dá rósainn	dá róstá	dá rósadh sé, sí	dá rósaimis; dá rósadh muid	dá rósadh sibh	dá rósaidís; dá rósadh siad	—	dá róstaí
imperative
–	rósaim	rós	rósadh sé, sí	rósaimis	rósaigí; rósaidh†	rósaidís	—	róstar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rós”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “rós”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 579
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “rós”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “rós”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025

Middle Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rosa.

Noun

rós m or f

1. rose
   • 1160, Auraicept na n-Éces, l.5645:

     sug in rois doní ruamna

     sap of the rose

Descendants

• Irish: rós
• Scottish Gaelic: ròs

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “rós”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Norse

Noun

rós f

1. rose
2. a kind of goblet

Inflection

Declension of rós (strong ō-stem)

feminine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	rós	rósin	rósar	rósarnar
accusative	rós	rósina	rósar	rósarnar
dative	rós	rósinni	rósum	rósunum
genitive	rósar	rósarinnar	rósa	rósanna