ramper
English edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -æmpə(ɹ)
Noun edit
ramper (plural rampers)
- (historical) One of a gang of ruffians who intimidated bookmakers at races, claiming to have placed bets when they had not.
Anagrams edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Middle French ramper, from Old French ramper (“to crawl up, climb”), from Frankish *rampōn, *hrampōn, from *rampa, *hrampa (“hook, claw, talon”), from Proto-Germanic *hrempaną (“to shrink up, shrivel”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
ramper
Conjugation edit
infinitive | simple | ramper | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | rampant /ʁɑ̃.pɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | rampé /ʁɑ̃.pe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampes /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampons /ʁɑ̃.pɔ̃/ |
rampez /ʁɑ̃.pe/ |
rampent /ʁɑ̃p/ |
imperfect | rampais /ʁɑ̃.pɛ/ |
rampais /ʁɑ̃.pɛ/ |
rampait /ʁɑ̃.pɛ/ |
rampions /ʁɑ̃.pjɔ̃/ |
rampiez /ʁɑ̃.pje/ |
rampaient /ʁɑ̃.pɛ/ | |
past historic2 | rampai /ʁɑ̃.pe/ |
rampas /ʁɑ̃.pa/ |
rampa /ʁɑ̃.pa/ |
rampâmes /ʁɑ̃.pam/ |
rampâtes /ʁɑ̃.pat/ |
rampèrent /ʁɑ̃.pɛʁ/ | |
future | ramperai /ʁɑ̃.pʁe/ |
ramperas /ʁɑ̃.pʁa/ |
rampera /ʁɑ̃.pʁa/ |
ramperons /ʁɑ̃.pʁɔ̃/ |
ramperez /ʁɑ̃.pʁe/ |
ramperont /ʁɑ̃.pʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | ramperais /ʁɑ̃.pʁɛ/ |
ramperais /ʁɑ̃.pʁɛ/ |
ramperait /ʁɑ̃.pʁɛ/ |
ramperions /ʁɑ̃.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
ramperiez /ʁɑ̃.pə.ʁje/ |
ramperaient /ʁɑ̃.pʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampes /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampions /ʁɑ̃.pjɔ̃/ |
rampiez /ʁɑ̃.pje/ |
rampent /ʁɑ̃p/ |
imperfect2 | rampasse /ʁɑ̃.pas/ |
rampasses /ʁɑ̃.pas/ |
rampât /ʁɑ̃.pa/ |
rampassions /ʁɑ̃.pa.sjɔ̃/ |
rampassiez /ʁɑ̃.pa.sje/ |
rampassent /ʁɑ̃.pas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
— | rampons /ʁɑ̃.pɔ̃/ |
rampez /ʁɑ̃.pe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading edit
- “ramper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Noun edit
ramper m or f
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
ramper m or f
Old French edit
Etymology edit
Of Germanic origin, from Proto-Germanic *hrimpan, *hrempaną (“to bend, curve, make waves, wrinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack”); see also *hrapōną (“to graze, scrape”).
Verb edit
ramper
Conjugation edit
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-mps, *-mpt are modified to ns, nt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | ramper | avoir rampé | |||||
gerund | en rampant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | rampant | ||||||
past participle | rampé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | ramp | rampes | rampe | rampons | rampez | rampent |
imperfect | rampoie, rampeie, rampoe, rampeve | rampoies, rampeies, rampoes, rampeves | rampoit, rampeit, rampot, rampeve | rampiiens, rampiens | rampiiez, rampiez | rampoient, rampeient, rampoent, rampevent | |
preterite | rampai | rampas | rampa | rampames | rampastes | ramperent | |
future | ramperai | ramperas | rampera | ramperons | ramperoiz, rampereiz, ramperez | ramperont | |
conditional | ramperoie, rampereie | ramperoies, rampereies | ramperoit, rampereit | ramperiiens, ramperiens | ramperiiez, ramperiez | ramperoient, rampereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | ramp | rans | rant | rampons | rampez | rampent |
imperfect | rampasse | rampasses | rampast | rampissons, rampissiens | rampissoiz, rampissez, rampissiez | rampassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | rampe | — | rampons | rampez | — |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN