Swahili

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Etymology

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From -shika (to hold) +‎ -ilia.

Verb

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-shikilia (infinitive kushikilia)

  1. to hold tight, to clutch

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -shikilia
Positive present -nashikilia
Subjunctive -shikilie
Negative -shikilii
Imperative singular shikilia
Infinitives
Positive kushikilia
Negative kutoshikilia
Imperatives
Singular shikilia
Plural shikilieni
Tensed forms
Habitual hushikilia
Positive past positive subject concord + -lishikilia
Negative past negative subject concord + -kushikilia
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashikilia)
Singular Plural
1st person ninashikilia/nashikilia tunashikilia
2nd person unashikilia mnashikilia
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anashikilia wanashikilia
other classes positive subject concord + -nashikilia
Negative present (negative subject concord + -shikilii)
Singular Plural
1st person sishikilii hatushikilii
2nd person hushikilii hamshikilii
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hashikilii hawashikilii
other classes negative subject concord + -shikilii
Positive future positive subject concord + -tashikilia
Negative future negative subject concord + -tashikilia
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shikilie)
Singular Plural
1st person nishikilie tushikilie
2nd person ushikilie mshikilie
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashikilie washikilie
other classes positive subject concord + -shikilie
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sishikilie
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeshikilia
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeshikilia
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalishikilia
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalishikilia
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashikilia)
Singular Plural
1st person nashikilia twashikilia
2nd person washikilia mwashikilia
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashikilia washikilia
m-mi(III/IV) washikilia yashikilia
ji-ma(V/VI) lashikilia yashikilia
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chashikilia vyashikilia
n(IX/X) yashikilia zashikilia
u(XI) washikilia see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwashikilia
pa(XVI) pashikilia
mu(XVIII) mwashikilia
Perfect positive subject concord + -meshikilia
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshashikilia
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jashikilia
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kishikilia
"If not" positive subject concord + -siposhikilia
Consecutive kashikilia / positive subject concord + -kashikilia
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kashikilie
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nishikilia -tushikilia
2nd person -kushikilia -washikilia/-kushikilieni/-washikilieni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mshikilia -washikilia
m-mi(III/IV) -ushikilia -ishikilia
ji-ma(V/VI) -lishikilia -yashikilia
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kishikilia -vishikilia
n(IX/X) -ishikilia -zishikilia
u(XI) -ushikilia see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kushikilia
pa(XVI) -pashikilia
mu(XVIII) -mushikilia
Reflexive -jishikilia
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shikilia- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -shikiliaye -shikiliao
m-mi(III/IV) -shikiliao -shikiliayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -shikilialo -shikiliayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -shikiliacho -shikiliavyo
n(IX/X) -shikiliayo -shikiliazo
u(XI) -shikiliao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -shikiliako
pa(XVI) -shikiliapo
mu(XVIII) -shikiliamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shikilia)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yeshikilia -oshikilia
m-mi(III/IV) -oshikilia -yoshikilia
ji-ma(V/VI) -loshikilia -yoshikilia
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choshikilia -vyoshikilia
n(IX/X) -yoshikilia -zoshikilia
u(XI) -oshikilia see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -koshikilia
pa(XVI) -poshikilia
mu(XVIII) -moshikilia
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.