studium
See also: Studium
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
studium n (related adjective studijní)
- study (mental effort to acquire knowledge or learning)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
Danish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Latin studium (“study, eagerness”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
studium n (singular definite studiet, plural indefinite studier)
- a study
Inflection edit
Declension of studium
gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | studium | studiet | studier | studierne |
| genitive | studiums | studiets | studiers | studiernes |
See also edit
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From studeō.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈstu.di.um/, [ˈs̠t̪ʊd̪iʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈstu.di.um/, [ˈst̪uːd̪ium]
Noun edit
studium n (genitive studiī or studī); second declension
- study
- Synonyms: cognitiō, disciplīna
- eagerness, zeal
- Synonyms: calor, ardor, vehementia, alacritās
- c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.17:
- Quod nullo studio agebant
- as they were acting with no zeal
- Quod nullo studio agebant
- desire, fancy
- Synonyms: cupīdō, libīdō, appetītus, appetītiō, dēsīderium, amor, ardor, inclīnātiō, prōpēnsiō, avāritia
- exertion, endeavor
- pursuit, hobby
- (Medieval Latin) school
- (Medieval Latin) public academy, university
Declension edit
Second-declension noun (neuter).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | studium | studia |
| Genitive | studiī studī1 |
studiōrum |
| Dative | studiō | studiīs |
| Accusative | studium | studia |
| Ablative | studiō | studiīs |
| Vocative | studium | studia |
1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).
Descendants edit
- → Catalan: estudi
- → Corsican: studiu
- → Galician: estudio
- → Old French: estudie (see there for further descendants)
- → Italian: studio (see there for further descendants)
- → Occitan: estudi
- → Polish: studium
- → Portuguese: estúdio
- → Romanian: studiu
- → Russian: сту́дия (stúdija)
- → Sicilian: studiu
- → Spanish: estudio
- → Swedish: studium
- → Yiddish: שטודיע (shtudye)
References edit
- “studium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “studium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- studium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to look favourably upon; to support: propenso animo, studio esse or propensa voluntate esse in aliquem (opp. averso animo esse ab aliquo)
- to be guided by ambition: laudis studio trahi
- to apply oneself zealously, diligently to a thing: studium, industriam (not diligentiam) collocare, ponere in aliqua re
- the sciences; the fine arts: optima studia, bonae, optimae, liberales, ingenuae artes, disciplinae
- the study of belles-lettres; literary pursuits: litterarum studium or tractatio (not occupatio)
- learning, scientific knowledge is flourishing: artium studia or artes vigent (not florent)
- to be engaged in literary pursuits: in studio litterarum versari
- to be an ardent student of..: summo studio in litteris versari
- to employ all one's energies on literary work: omne studium in litteris collocare, ad litteras conferre
- to be interested in, have a taste for culture: optimarum artium studio incensum esse
- to feel an attraction for study: litterarum studio trahi
- to relax one's studies: litterarum studia remittere
- to resume one's studies: intermissa studia revocare
- abstruse studies: studia, quae in reconditis artibus versantur (De Or. 1. 2. 8)
- to have received a liberal education: optimis studiis or artibus, optimarum artium studiis eruditum esse
- to devote oneself to philosophy: se conferre ad philosophiam, ad philosophiae or sapientiae studium (Fam. 4. 3. 4)
- to be enamoured of philosophy: philosophiae (sapientiae) studio teneri (Acad. 1. 2. 4)
- a taste for the fine arts: artium (liberalium) studium, or simply studium
- to devote oneself to poetry: se conferre ad poesis studium
- my zeal for a thing has led me too far: studio alicuius rei provectus sum
- to become a writer, embrace a literary career: ad scribendum or ad scribendi studium se conferre
- to have enthusiasm for a person or thing: studio ardere alicuius or alicuius rei (De Or. 2. 1. 1)
- to make some one enthusiastic for a thing: studio alicuius rei aliquem incendere
- to have an inclination for a thing: studio alicuius rei teneri
- to follow one's inclinations: studiis suis obsequi (De Or. 1. 1. 3)
- party-spirit: partium studium, also simply studia
- to be torn by faction: partium studiis divisum esse
- to throw oneself heart and soul into politics: studio ad rem publicam ferri
- independent spirit: libertas, libertatis studium
- to carry on a war energetically: omni studio in (ad) bellum incumbere
- to look favourably upon; to support: propenso animo, studio esse or propensa voluntate esse in aliquem (opp. averso animo esse ab aliquo)
- studium in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[4], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
From Latin studium and Old Norse studium.
Noun edit
studium n (definite singular studiet, indefinite plural studier, definite plural studia or studiene)
- a study (of something)
Usage notes edit
- a study as in a scientific investigation/report or an artwork is en studie, having the same plural but a different gender
References edit
- “studium” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
From Latin studium and Old Norse studium.
Noun edit
studium n (definite singular studiet, indefinite plural studium, definite plural studia)
- a study (of something)
Usage notes edit
- a study as in a scientific investigation/report or an artwork is en studie, having some common plural forms in Norwegian, but a different gender
References edit
- “studium” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish edit
Alternative forms edit
- studyjum (Middle Polish)
- studyum (Pre-reform orthography (1816))
- studjum (Pre-reform orthography (1936))
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin studium.[1][2][3] First attested in the 16th century.[4]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
studium n (related adjective studialny)
- learned society, learned academy, scholarly society, academic association
- (sciences) study (academic publication) [+ o (locative) = on what]
- Synonym: badanie
- study (meticulous analysis of something) [+ nad (instrumental) = on what]
- preparatory work (work that does not have a finished character)
- study, character study (movie that is analsysis of a type of person)
- (art) study (artwork made in order to practise or demonstrate a subject or technique)
- (chess) endgame study
- Synonym: etiuda
- (Middle Polish) effort; willingness; zeal
Declension edit
Declension of studium
Derived terms edit
nouns
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), studium is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 12 times in scientific texts, 22 times in news, 31 times in essays, 7 times in fiction, and 7 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 79 times, making it the 818th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[5]
References edit
- ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “studium”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “studium”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “studium”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “studium”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “studium”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language][2] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 567
Further reading edit
- studium in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- studium in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- “STUDIUM”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 26.05.2009
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “studjum”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[5]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “studjum”, in Słownik języka polskiego[6] (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 483
- studium in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Swedish edit
Noun edit
studium n
- study (e.g. my study of Latin, my studies at the university)
Usage notes edit
- a study (an investigation, a report) is en studie, having the same plural but different gender
Declension edit
| Declension of studium | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | studium | studiet | studier | studierna |
| Genitive | studiums | studiets | studiers | studiernas |