tronar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan tronar, from Vulgar Latin *tronāre, from Latin tonāre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tenh₂- (“to thunder”). Additional /r/ likely taken from *tronitus, metathesis of Latin tonitrus. Compare Occitan tronar, Spanish tronar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [tɾuˈna]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [tɾoˈna]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [tɾoˈnaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

tronar (first-person singular present trono, first-person singular preterite troní, past participle tronat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/

1. to thunder

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tronar (first conjugation)

infinitive			tronar
gerund			tronant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tronat		tronada
		plural		tronats		tronades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	trono	trones	trona	tronem	troneu	tronen
	imperfect	tronava	tronaves	tronava	tronàvem	tronàveu	tronaven
	future	tronaré	tronaràs	tronarà	tronarem	tronareu	tronaran
	preterite	troní	tronares	tronà	tronàrem	tronàreu	tronaren
	conditional	tronaria	tronaries	tronaria	tronaríem	tronaríeu	tronarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	troni	tronis	troni	tronem	troneu	tronin
	imperfect	tronés	tronessis	tronés	tronéssim	tronéssiu	tronessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	trona	troni	tronem	troneu	tronin
	negative (no)	—	no tronis	no troni	no tronem	no troneu	no tronin

Derived terms

• tronada
• tronera

Related terms

• tro

References

• “tronar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Occitan

Alternative forms

• (Lemosin) tonar

Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin tonāre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tenh₂- (“to thunder”). Compare Catalan tronar, French tonner. The extra -r- is due to influence from Latin tonitrus (Vulgar Latin *tronitus).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

tronar

1. to thunder

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• tronada

Related terms

• tron

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish [Term?], from Latin tonāre (“to thunder”) (with an -r- due to influence from tronido (“thunder”) or Latin tonitrus (“thunder”), Vulgar Latin *tronitus). Compare Portuguese troar, French tonner.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɾoˈnaɾ/ [t̪ɾoˈnaɾ]

• Audio (Costa Rica):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: tro‧nar

Verb

tronar (first-person singular present trueno, first-person singular preterite troné, past participle tronado)

1. (intransitive, impersonal) to thunder
2. (transitive, colloquial) to bust, ruin (person)

   Synonym: arruinar

3. (intransitive, colloquial) to fail (not pass an exam)

   Synonyms: fracasar, suspender

4. (colloquial, of a body part) to crack (to make a cracking sound)
5. (transitive, colloquial, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica) to kill (someone)
6. (intransitive, colloquial, Ecuador) to die
7. (transitive, colloquial, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Cuba) to fail (a student) (to give a student a non-passing grade in an academic endeavour)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tronar (o-ue alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			tronar
gerund			tronando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		tronado		tronada
		plural		tronados		tronadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	trueno	truenastú tronásvos	truena	tronamos	tronáis	truenan
	imperfect	tronaba	tronabas	tronaba	tronábamos	tronabais	tronaban
	preterite	troné	tronaste	tronó	tronamos	tronasteis	tronaron
	future	tronaré	tronarás	tronará	tronaremos	tronaréis	tronarán
	conditional	tronaría	tronarías	tronaría	tronaríamos	tronaríais	tronarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	truene	truenestú tronésvos2	truene	tronemos	tronéis	truenen
	imperfect (ra)	tronara	tronaras	tronara	tronáramos	tronarais	tronaran
	imperfect (se)	tronase	tronases	tronase	tronásemos	tronaseis	tronasen
	future1	tronare	tronares	tronare	tronáremos	tronareis	tronaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		truenatú tronávos	truene	tronemos	tronad	truenen
	negative		no truenes	no truene	no tronemos	no tronéis	no truenen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of tronar (o-ue alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive tronar	dative	tronarme	tronarte	tronarle, tronarse	tronarnos	tronaros	tronarles, tronarse
	accusative	tronarme	tronarte	tronarlo, tronarla, tronarse	tronarnos	tronaros	tronarlos, tronarlas, tronarse
with gerund tronando	dative	tronándome	tronándote	tronándole, tronándose	tronándonos	tronándoos	tronándoles, tronándose
	accusative	tronándome	tronándote	tronándolo, tronándola, tronándose	tronándonos	tronándoos	tronándolos, tronándolas, tronándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative truena	dative	truéname	truénate	truénale	truénanos	not used	truénales
	accusative	truéname	truénate	truénalo, truénala	truénanos	not used	truénalos, truénalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative troná	dative	troname	tronate	tronale	tronanos	not used	tronales
	accusative	troname	tronate	tronalo, tronala	tronanos	not used	tronalos, tronalas
with formal second-person singular imperative truene	dative	truéneme	not used	truénele, truénese	truénenos	not used	truéneles
	accusative	truéneme	not used	truénelo, truénela, truénese	truénenos	not used	truénelos, truénelas
with first-person plural imperative tronemos	dative	not used	tronémoste	tronémosle	tronémonos	tronémoos	tronémosles
	accusative	not used	tronémoste	tronémoslo, tronémosla	tronémonos	tronémoos	tronémoslos, tronémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative tronad	dative	tronadme	not used	tronadle	tronadnos	tronaos	tronadles
	accusative	tronadme	not used	tronadlo, tronadla	tronadnos	tronaos	tronadlos, tronadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative truenen	dative	truénenme	not used	truénenle	truénennos	not used	truénenles, truénense
	accusative	truénenme	not used	truénenlo, truénenla	truénennos	not used	truénenlos, truénenlas, truénense

Derived terms

• tronarle la reversa

Related terms

• estruendo
• llueva o truene
• tronada
• tronido
• trueno

Further reading

• “tronar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
• “tronar”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010

Swedish

Verb

tronar

1. present indicative of trona

Anagrams

• tornar