tynnu
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Welsh tynnu, from Proto-Brythonic *tɨnnɨd, either from Latin tendō or from a Proto-Celtic cognate of it; either way from Proto-Indo-European *tend- (“stretch, extend”). Cognate with Middle Cornish tenna, tenne, Modern Cornish tedna (“to pull”), Old Breton tinsit (“scattered, strewed”), Middle Breton tennaff, Modern Breton tennañ, Old Irish tendaid (“to press”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈtənɨ̞/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈtəni/
- Rhymes: -ənɨ̞
Verb edit
tynnu (first-person singular present tynnaf)
- to pull, to draw
- to draw, to unsheath (a weapon)
- to take (a picture)
- to extract
- to take off, to remove
- (arithmetic) to subtract
Conjugation edit
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | tynnaf | tynni | tyn | tynnwn | tynnwch | tynnant | tynnir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
tynnwn | tynnit | tynnai | tynnem | tynnech | tynnent | tynnid | |
| preterite | tynnais | tynnaist | tynnodd | tynasom | tynasoch | tynasant | tynnwyd | |
| pluperfect | tynaswn | tynasit | tynasai | tynasem | tynasech | tynasent | tynasid, tynesid | |
| present subjunctive | tynnwyf | tynnych | tynno | tynnom | tynnoch | tynnont | tynner | |
| imperative | — | tyn, tynna | tynned | tynnwn | tynnwch | tynnent | tynner | |
| verbal noun | tynnu | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | tynedig tynadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | tynna i, tynnaf i | tynni di | tynnith o/e/hi, tynniff e/hi | tynnwn ni | tynnwch chi | tynnan nhw |
| conditional | tynnwn i, tynswn i | tynnet ti, tynset ti | tynnai fo/fe/hi, tynsai fo/fe/hi | tynnen ni, tynsen ni | tynnech chi, tynsech chi | tynnen nhw, tynsen nhw |
| preterite | tynnais i, tynnes i | tynnaist ti, tynnest ti | tynnodd o/e/hi | tynnon ni | tynnoch chi | tynnon nhw |
| imperative | — | tynna | — | — | tynnwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms edit
- tyn (“tight, taut, fast”)[2]
- tyniad (“drawing, pulling”)
- tynnu cwtws (“to draw lots”)
Mutation edit
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| tynnu | dynnu | nhynnu | thynnu |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
References edit
- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tynnu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tyn”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies