Armenian edit

Etymology edit

From Old Armenian քաղցր (kʻałcʻr).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr) (superlative ամենաքաղցր)

  1. sweet
    Synonym: (Western Armenian) անուշ (anuš)
  2. (figuratively) pleasant, sweet

Declension edit

See also edit

Basic tastes in Armenian (layout · text)
           
քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr) թթու (tʻtʻu) աղի (aġi) դառը (daṙə) կծու (kcu) not used in Armenian

Noun edit

քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr)

  1. sweet course, dessert

Declension edit

Adverb edit

քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr)

  1. sweetly

Old Armenian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European, but the details are uncertain. Probably a contamination of several roots. Different authors operate with a different number of roots, usually *swéh₂dus (sweet), *dléwkus (sweet), *sweld- (to starve) (whence քաղց (kʻałcʻ)) and *sh₂eldus (salty), and propose different chains of derivation.

De Lamberterie proposes *swādu- + *saldu- giving *swaldu-, then crossing with *dluku- and producing *swaldku-*swaltku-քաղցու- (kʻałcʻu-).[1]

Pedersen derives from *swl̥d-su-s (hungry; appetizing).[2]

Petersson derives from *kl̥d-sḱ-u-, metathesized from *dl̥k-sḱ-u- (sweet).[3][4]

Klingenschmitt derives from Proto-Indo-European *swl̥ḱsu-, with Iranian cognates: see Persian خوش (xoš).[5]

Adjective edit

քաղցր (kʻałcʻr)

  1. sweet, delicious
  2. (figuratively) mild, pleasant, agreeable, charming, amiable, affable, dear, beloved
    քաղցր հայեցուածքkʻałcʻr hayecʻuackʻmild looking
    քաղցր բնաւորութիւնkʻałcʻr bnaworutʻiwngood-temperedness
    քաղցր բարքkʻałcʻr barkʻgentle manners
    քաղցր յիշատակkʻałcʻr yišatakpleasing remembrance
    քաղցր է տեսանելkʻałcʻr ē tesanelit is pleasant to see
    քաղցր է ինձkʻałcʻr ē injI should like
    քաղցր էր մեզ տեսանելkʻałcʻr ēr mez tesanelwe saw with pleasure
    քաղցունսkʻałcʻunssweetly, softy, gently, pleasantly, nicely
  3. (as a substantive) sweetness, honey

Declension edit

Adverb edit

քաղցր (kʻałcʻr)

  1. sweetly, softly, gently, pleasantly, nicely

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Armenian: քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr)

References edit

  1. ^ Lamberterie, Charles de (1990) Les Adjectifs grecs en -υς (Bibliothèque des Cahiers de l'institut de linguistique de Louvain; 54), volume I, Louvain-La-Neuve: Peeters, page 502
  2. ^ Pedersen, Holger (1906) “Armenisch und die Nachbarsprachen”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 39, number 3, page 429
  3. ^ Petersson, Herbert (1920) Arische und armenische Studien (Lunds Universitets Årsskrift N.F. Avd. 1, Bd. 16. Nr. 3) (in German), Lund, Leipzig, page 46
  4. ^ Solta, G. R. (1960) Die Stellung des Armenischen im Kreise der indogermanischen Sprachen (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 9)‎[1] (in German), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 362
  5. ^ Gert, Klingenschmitt (2000) “Mittelpersisch”, in Bernhard Forssman, Robert Plath, editors, Indoarisch, Iranisch und die Indogermanistik: Arbeitstagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaft vom 2. bis 5. Oktober 1997 in Erlangen (in German), Wiesbaden: Reichert, page 204, footnote 41

Further reading edit

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “քաղցր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 546–547
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “քաղցր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 33
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 502
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “քաղցր”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, pages 774–775
  • Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 165–166
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “քաղցր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Scheftelowitz, J. (1904) “Zur altarmenischen lautgeschichte”, in Beiträge zur kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 28, page 290