تک

See also: تك, يك, یک, یگ, بك, بک, and پك

Persian

Alternative forms

• تگ (tag)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [tak]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäk]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäk]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäk]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäk]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰækʲ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäk]

Readings
Classical reading?	tak
Dari reading?	tak
Iranian reading?	tak
Tajik reading?	tak

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian tk' (tag, “running; attack”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ-. Related to تاختن (tâxtan, “to attack”), and also related to Old Armenian ասպատակ (aspatak); which is an Iranian borrowing.

Noun

تک • (tak)

1. attack; raid
2. onslaught
3. pace of a horse
4. heat, race
5. any quick motion, stroke, blow

Derived terms

• تکیدن (takidan, “to attack, to raid, to run”)
• تک‌و‌تاز (tak-o-tâz, “an onslaught, a raid”)
• پاتک (pâtak, “counter-attack”)
• تکاپو (takâpu, “struggle, effort”)
• تک آوردن (tak âvardan, “to run at, to rush at, to raid”)
• تکاور (takâvar, “raider, invader”)
• نرم‌تک (narm-tak, “a slow horse, a calm horse”)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “تك”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish تك (tek, “single”), from Proto-Turkic *tēk.

Or from Middle Iranian. Compare Middle Persian tʾk (tāg, “item, unit; alone, single”), Persian تاه (tâh, “item, unit; plait, fold, ply”).

Adjective

تک • (tak)

1. solo, single
2. unique (of a feature)
3. (card games) ace

Etymology 3

Noun

تک • (tak)

1. (rare, regional) A small spherical ball of glass used in children's games, marble.

Synonyms

• تیله (tile)

Punjabi

Etymology

Inherited from Paisaci Prakrit [Term?] (compare Sauraseni Prakrit *𑀢𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*tavakka), *𑀢𑀸𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*tāvakka)), from Sanskrit तावत्क (tā́vatka, “bought for so much”). Cognate with Hindi तक (tak) / Urdu تک (tak).

Postposition

تَکّ • (takk) (Gurmukhi spelling ਤੱਕ)

1. until
2. for (a period of time)
3. up to

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tāˊvatka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press