ἀποδίδωμι

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀπο- (apo-, “from”) +‎ δῐ́δωμῐ (dídōmi, “to give”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.po.dí.dɔː.mi/ → /a.poˈði.ðo.mi/ → /a.poˈði.ðo.mi/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.po.dí.dɔː.mi/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.poˈdi.do.mi/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈði.ðo.mi/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈði.ðo.mi/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.poˈði.ðo.mi/

Verb

ἀποδίδωμι • (apodídōmi)

1. to give up or back, restore, return, to render what is due, pay
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.478
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.387
   • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Numbers 5.7
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.119
   • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 7.64
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.136
   • 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 270
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.70.5
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.2.10
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.13
   • 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 85
   • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Philon 24
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.40
   • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Archidamus 73
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 7.1.30
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.78
   • 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 1066
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.63
   1. to assign
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 456B
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.1.7
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Generation of Animals 3.10.6
      1. to refer to one, as belonging to his department
         • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 765B
         • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Against Callimachus 6, (compare Lysias, Against the Corn Dealers 2)
   2. to return, render, yield
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.193
      • 342 BCE – 290 BCE, Menander, The Farmer 4
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 2.6.2
      • 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 489
   3. to concede, allow, to suffer or allow a person to do
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.144
      • 349 BCE, Demosthenes, Second Olynthiac 30
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Aristocrates 56
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 8.7.2
      • 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 54
   4. (like ἀποδείκνυμι (apodeíknumi)) to render or make
      • 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, To Demonicus 46
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Generation of Animals 2.1.23
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 2.1.8
      1. to exhibit, display
         • 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 109
         • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Poetics 15.11
   5. to deliver over, give up
      • 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 239
      • 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, Third Tetralogy 4.11
   6. to deliver
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.10
   7. to bring to a conclusion, wind it up
      • 396 BCE – 323 BCE, Lycurgus of Athens, Collected Works 149
   8. to render, give an account
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Aphobus 1 48
      • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 137
   9. to render, give an account, to define, interpret
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.2.5
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Categories 5.9
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 6.16.6
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On the Soul 1.2.14
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On the Soul 1.1.16
   10. to attach or append, make dependent upon
       • 10 CE – 70 CE, Hero, Automata 266.17
       • 10 CE – 70 CE, Hero, Automata 249.1
   11. to affirm
       • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Topics 5.1.3
2. (intransitive) to increase
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.13
   1. to return, recur
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Generation of Animals 1.18.2
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 7.6.6
   2. (in rhetoric and grammar)
      • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 3.11.13
      • 60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, de Dem. 9
      1. to be construed with, refer to
         • 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 538
3. (middle voice) to give away of one's own will, to sell
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.70
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.56
   • 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 830
   • 421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 1237
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 98B
   • 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Timarchus 96
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.89
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Aristogiton 1 47
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 2.3.48
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Leptines 60
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.62

Inflection

   Present: ἀποδῐ́δωμῐ, ἀποδῐ́δομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἀποδῐ́δωμῐ	ἀποδῐ́δως	ἀποδῐ́δωσῐ(ν)	ἀποδῐ́δοτον	ἀποδῐ́δοτον	ἀποδῐ́δομεν	ἀποδῐ́δοτε	ἀποδῐδόᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἀποδῐδῶ	ἀποδῐδῷς	ἀποδῐδῷ	ἀποδῐδῶτον	ἀποδῐδῶτον	ἀποδῐδῶμεν	ἀποδῐδῶτε	ἀποδῐδῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀποδῐδοίην	ἀποδῐδοίης	ἀποδῐδοίη	ἀποδῐδοῖτον, ἀποδῐδοίητον	ἀποδῐδοίτην, ἀποδῐδοιήτην	ἀποδῐδοῖμεν, ἀποδῐδοίημεν	ἀποδῐδοῖτε, ἀποδῐδοίητε	ἀποδῐδοῖεν, ἀποδῐδοίησᾰν
	imperative		ἀποδῐ́δου	ἀποδῐδότω	ἀποδῐ́δοτον	ἀποδῐδότων		ἀποδῐ́δοτε	ἀποδῐδόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἀποδῐ́δομαι	ἀποδῐ́δοσαι	ἀποδῐ́δοται	ἀποδῐ́δοσθον	ἀποδῐ́δοσθον	ἀποδῐδόμεθᾰ	ἀποδῐ́δοσθε	ἀποδῐ́δονται
	subjunctive	ἀποδῐδῶμαι	ἀποδῐδῷ	ἀποδῐδῶται	ἀποδῐδῶσθον	ἀποδῐδῶσθον	ἀποδῐδώμεθᾰ	ἀποδῐδῶσθε	ἀποδῐδῶνται
	optative	ἀποδῐδοίμην	ἀποδῐδοῖο	ἀποδῐδοῖτο	ἀποδῐδοῖσθον	ἀποδῐδοίσθην	ἀποδῐδοίμεθᾰ	ἀποδῐδοῖσθε	ἀποδῐδοῖντο
	imperative		ἀποδῐ́δοσο	ἀποδῐδόσθω	ἀποδῐ́δοσθον	ἀποδῐδόσθων		ἀποδῐ́δοσθε	ἀποδῐδόσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἀποδῐδόναι				ἀποδῐ́δοσθαι
participle	m	ἀποδῐδούς				ἀποδῐδόμενος
	f	ἀποδῐδοῦσᾰ				ἀποδῐδομένη
	n	ἀποδῐδόν				ἀποδῐδόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: ἀποδώσω, ἀποδώσομαι, ἀποδοθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἀποδώσω	ἀποδώσεις	ἀποδώσει	ἀποδώσετον	ἀποδώσετον	ἀποδώσομεν	ἀποδώσετε	ἀποδώσουσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀποδώσοιμῐ	ἀποδώσοις	ἀποδώσοι	ἀποδώσοιτον	ἀποδωσοίτην	ἀποδώσοιμεν	ἀποδώσοιτε	ἀποδώσοιεν
middle	indicative	ἀποδώσομαι	ἀποδώσῃ, ἀποδώσει	ἀποδώσεται	ἀποδώσεσθον	ἀποδώσεσθον	ἀποδωσόμεθᾰ	ἀποδώσεσθε	ἀποδώσονται
	optative	ἀποδωσοίμην	ἀποδώσοιο	ἀποδώσοιτο	ἀποδώσοισθον	ἀποδωσοίσθην	ἀποδωσοίμεθᾰ	ἀποδώσοισθε	ἀποδώσοιντο
passive	indicative	ἀποδοθήσομαι	ἀποδοθήσῃ	ἀποδοθήσεται	ἀποδοθήσεσθον	ἀποδοθήσεσθον	ἀποδοθησόμεθᾰ	ἀποδοθήσεσθε	ἀποδοθήσονται
	optative	ἀποδοθησοίμην	ἀποδοθήσοιο	ἀποδοθήσοιτο	ἀποδοθήσοισθον	ἀποδοθησοίσθην	ἀποδοθησοίμεθᾰ	ἀποδοθήσοισθε	ἀποδοθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἀποδώσειν			ἀποδώσεσθαι		ἀποδοθήσεσθαι
participle	m	ἀποδώσων			ἀποδωσόμενος		ἀποδοθησόμενος
	f	ἀποδώσουσᾰ			ἀποδωσομένη		ἀποδοθησομένη
	n	ἀποδῶσον			ἀποδωσόμενον		ἀποδοθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ᾰ̓πέδοτον, ᾰ̓πεδόμην, ᾰ̓πεδόθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative				ᾰ̓πέδοτον	ᾰ̓πεδότην	ᾰ̓πέδομεν	ᾰ̓πέδοτε	ᾰ̓πέδοσᾰν
	subjunctive	ᾰ̓ποδῶ	ᾰ̓ποδῷς	ᾰ̓ποδῷ	ᾰ̓ποδῶτον	ᾰ̓ποδῶτον	ᾰ̓ποδῶμεν	ᾰ̓ποδῶτε	ᾰ̓ποδῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ᾰ̓ποδοίην	ᾰ̓ποδοίης	ᾰ̓ποδοίη	ᾰ̓ποδοῖτον, ᾰ̓ποδοίητον	ᾰ̓ποδοίτην, ᾰ̓ποδοιήτην	ᾰ̓ποδοῖμεν, ᾰ̓ποδοίημεν	ᾰ̓ποδοῖτε, ᾰ̓ποδοίητε	ᾰ̓ποδοῖεν, ᾰ̓ποδοίησᾰν
	imperative		ᾰ̓πόδος	ᾰ̓ποδότω	ᾰ̓πόδοτον	ᾰ̓ποδότων		ᾰ̓πόδοτε	ᾰ̓ποδόντων
middle	indicative	ᾰ̓πεδόμην	ᾰ̓πέδου	ᾰ̓πέδοτο	ᾰ̓πέδοσθον	ᾰ̓πεδόσθην	ᾰ̓πεδόμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓πέδοσθε	ᾰ̓πέδοντο
	subjunctive	ᾰ̓ποδῶμαι	ᾰ̓ποδῷ	ᾰ̓ποδῶται	ᾰ̓ποδῶσθον	ᾰ̓ποδῶσθον	ᾰ̓ποδώμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδῶσθε	ᾰ̓ποδῶνται
	optative	ᾰ̓ποδοίμην	ᾰ̓ποδοῖο	ᾰ̓ποδοῖτο	ᾰ̓ποδοῖσθον	ᾰ̓ποδοίσθην	ᾰ̓ποδοίμεθᾰ	ᾰ̓ποδοῖσθε	ᾰ̓ποδοῖντο
	imperative		ᾰ̓πόδου	ᾰ̓ποδόσθω	ᾰ̓πόδοσθον	ᾰ̓ποδόσθων		ᾰ̓πόδοσθε	ᾰ̓ποδόσθων
passive	indicative	ᾰ̓πεδόθην	ᾰ̓πεδόθης	ᾰ̓πεδόθη	ᾰ̓πεδόθητον	ᾰ̓πεδοθήτην	ᾰ̓πεδόθημεν	ᾰ̓πεδόθητε	ᾰ̓πεδόθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ᾰ̓ποδοθῶ	ᾰ̓ποδοθῇς	ᾰ̓ποδοθῇ	ᾰ̓ποδοθῆτον	ᾰ̓ποδοθῆτον	ᾰ̓ποδοθῶμεν	ᾰ̓ποδοθῆτε	ᾰ̓ποδοθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ᾰ̓ποδοθείην	ᾰ̓ποδοθείης	ᾰ̓ποδοθείη	ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖτον, ᾰ̓ποδοθείητον	ᾰ̓ποδοθείτην, ᾰ̓ποδοθειήτην	ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖμεν, ᾰ̓ποδοθείημεν	ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖτε, ᾰ̓ποδοθείητε	ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖεν, ᾰ̓ποδοθείησᾰν
	imperative		ᾰ̓ποδόθηθῐ	ᾰ̓ποδοθήτω	ᾰ̓ποδόθητον	ᾰ̓ποδοθήτων		ᾰ̓ποδόθητε	ᾰ̓ποδοθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ᾰ̓ποδοῦναι			ᾰ̓ποδόσθαι		ᾰ̓ποδοθῆναι
participle	m	ᾰ̓ποδούς			ᾰ̓ποδόμενος		ᾰ̓ποδοθείς
	f	ᾰ̓ποδοῦσᾰ			ᾰ̓ποδομένη		ᾰ̓ποδοθεῖσᾰ
	n	ᾰ̓ποδόν			ᾰ̓ποδόμενον		ᾰ̓ποδοθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Related terms

• ἀπόδοσις (apódosis)
• δόσις (dósis)

 

References

• “ἀποδίδωμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀποδίδωμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀποδίδωμι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀποδίδωμι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀποδίδωμι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἀποδίδωμι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “ἀποδίδωμι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G591 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• ἀποδίδωμι in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften