十二

Chinese

		ten	two
simp. and trad. (十二)		十	二
alternative forms		拾貳／拾贰 financial 拾弍 financial; obsolete
anagram		二十

Chinese cardinal numbers

<  11	12	13  >
Cardinal : 十二 (shí'èr)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shí'èr

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄦˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si² er⁴

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шыэр (šɨer, I-III)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sap⁶ ji⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): sip⁵ ngei⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): siit⁷ eo⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̍p-ngi

  (Meixian, Guangdong): seb⁶ ngi⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): seh⁵ er³
• Northern Min (KCR): sí-nī
• Eastern Min (BUC): sĕk-nê
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): cha̍p-lī / cha̍p-jī / cha̍p-gī

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zab⁸ ri⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸zeq-gni
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shr⁶ e⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shí'èr
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄦˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shíh-èr
    • Wade–Giles: shih²-êrh⁴
    • Yale: shŕ-èr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrell
    • Palladius: шиэр (šier)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: si² er⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sr
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹ ɚ²¹³/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыэр (šɨer, I-III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩²⁴ ɛɻ⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sap⁶ ji⁶
    • Yale: sahp yih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sap⁹ ji⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: seb⁶ yi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐp̚² jiː²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: sip⁵ ngei⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sip̚³² ᵑɡei³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: siit⁷ eo⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɨt̚² ɵ¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p-ngi
    • Hakka Romanization System: siib ngi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sib⁶ ngi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨp̚⁵ ŋi⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: seb⁶ ngi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /səp̚⁵ ŋi⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: seh⁵ er³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /səʔ⁵⁴⁻² əɻ⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sí-nī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵⁴ ni⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĕk-nê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ nˡɛi²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Philippines, Jinjiang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-lī
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-lī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zabli
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines, Jinjiang): /t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² li⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li³³/
    • IPA (Lukang): /t͡sap̚³⁵⁻² li³¹/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sap̚⁵⁴⁻³² li²²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Sanxia, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zabji
    • IPA (Yilan): /t͡sap̚⁵⁻² d͡zi³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² zi³³/
    • IPA (Tainan): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻¹ d͡zi³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi²²/
  • (Hokkien: Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-gī
    • Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-gī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zabgi
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zab⁸ ri⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsa̍p jĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻² d͡zi³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁸zeq-gni
    • MiniDict: zeh^入 nyi
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵zeq-nyi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zəʔ¹¹ n̠ʲi²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: shr⁶ e⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʂʐ̩²⁴ ɤ̞²¹⁻¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /sz̩²⁴ ɤ̞²¹⁻¹¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzyip nyijH

Rime
Character	十	二
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	緝 (141)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	是執切	而至切
Baxter	dzyip	nyijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiɪp̚/	/ȵiɪH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑip̚/	/ȵiH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjep̚/	/ȵʑjɪH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑip̚/	/ȵiH/
Li Rong	/ʑiəp̚/	/ȵiH/
Wang Li	/ʑĭĕp̚/	/ȵʑiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯əp̚/	/ȵʑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shí	èr
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sap6	ji6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*t.[ɡ]əp  ni[j]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡjub  njis/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	十	二
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shí	èr
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyip ›	‹ nyijH ›
Old Chinese	/*t.[ɡ]əp/	/*ni[j]-s/
English	ten	two
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	十	二
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11452	2824
Phonetic component	十	二
Rime group	緝	脂
Rime subdivision	3	2
Corresponding MC rime	十	二
Old Chinese	/*ɡjub/	/*njis/

Numeral

十二

1. twelve; 12

   十二宵夜  ―  shí'èr xiāoyè  ―  twelve nights

Derived terms

• 十二分 (shí'èrfēn)
• 十二宮／十二宫 (shí'èrgōng)
• 十二律 (shí'èrlǜ)
• 十二指腸／十二指肠 (shí'èrzhǐcháng)
• 十二支 (shí'èrzhī)
• 十二星座 (shí'èr xīngzuò)
• 十二月 (shí'èryuè)
• 十二月份 (Shí'èryuèfèn)
• 十二枝 (“a kind of lottery”)
• 十二次 (shí'èrcì)
• 十二生相
• 十二生相變透透／十二生相变透透
• 十二生肖 (shí'èr shēngxiào)
• 十二點／十二点 (shí'èrdiǎn)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (十二):

• → Japanese: 十二(じゅうに) (jūni)
• → Korean: 십이(十二) (sibi)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
十	二
じゅう Grade: 1	に Grade: 1
on’yomi

Japanese cardinal numbers

<  11	12	13  >
Cardinal : 十二

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨᵝːɲ̟i]

Numeral

十(じゅう)二(に) • (jūni) ^{←じふに (zifuni)?}

1. twelve; 12

Coordinate terms

Japanese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Regular	零(れい) (rei) 零(ゼロ) (zero)	一(いち) (ichi)	二(に) (ni)	三(さん) (san)	四(よん) (yon) 四(し) (shi)	五(ご) (go)	六(ろく) (roku)	七(なな) (nana) 七(しち) (shichi)	八(はち) (hachi)	九(きゅう) (kyū) 九(く) (ku)	十(じゅう) (jū)
Formal		壱(いち) (ichi)	弐(に) (ni)	参(さん) (san)							拾(じゅう) (jū)
	90	100	300	600	800	1,000	3,000	8,000	10,000	100,000,000
Regular	九(きゅう)十(じゅう) (kyūjū)	百(ひゃく) (hyaku) 一(いっ)百(ぴゃく) (ippyaku)	三(さん)百(びゃく) (sanbyaku)	六(ろっ)百(ぴゃく) (roppyaku)	八(はっ)百(ぴゃく) (happyaku)	千(せん) (sen) 一(いっ)千(せん) (issen)	三(さん)千(ぜん) (sanzen)	八(はっ)千(せん) (hassen)	一(いち)万(まん) (ichiman)	一(いち)億(おく) (ichioku)
Formal									一(いち)萬(まん) (ichiman)
	1012	8×1012	1013	1016	6×1016	8×1016	1017	1018
	一(いっ)兆(ちょう) (itchō)	八(はっ)兆(ちょう) (hatchō)	十(じゅっ)兆(ちょう) (jutchō)	一(いっ)京(けい) (ikkei)	六(ろっ)京(けい) (rokkei)	八(はっ)京(けい) (hakkei)	十(じゅっ)京(けい) (jukkei)	百(ひゃっ)京(けい) (hyakkei)

Korean

Hanja in this term
十	二

Numeral

十二 • (sibi) (hangeul 십이)

1. Hanja form^? of 십이 (“twelve”).