參考

See also: 参考 and 參攷

Chinese edit

		ginseng; take part in; participate ginseng; take part in; participate; join; attend; to join; unequal; varied; irregular; to counsel; uneven; not uniform	to check; to verify; to test to check; to verify; to test; to examine
trad. (參考/參攷)		參	考/攷
simp. (参考)		参	考

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cānkǎo

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄢㄎㄠˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): caam¹ haau²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhâm-kháu

(Meixian, Guangdong): cam¹ kau³
Eastern Min (BUC): chăng-kō̤
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chham-khó / chham-khóⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): cam¹ kao²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹tshoe-khau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cānkǎo
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄢㄎㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cankǎo
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻan¹-kʻao³
  - Yale: tsān-kǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsankao
  - Palladius: цанькао (canʹkao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰän⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: caam¹ haau²
  - Yale: chāam háau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaam¹ haau²
  - Guangdong Romanization: cam¹ hao²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵ haːu̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhâm-kháu
  - Hakka Romanization System: cam´ kau`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cam¹ kau³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰam²⁴ kʰau̯³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: cam¹ kau³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰau³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chăng-kō̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(kʰ-)ŋo³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chham-khó
  - Tâi-lô: tsham-khó
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhamqoir
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chham-khóⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tsham-khónn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhamqvor
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam³³ kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cam¹ kao²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsham kháu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰam³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹tshoe-khau
  - MiniDict: tshoe^平 khau
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshoe-khau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰø⁵⁵ kʰɔ²¹/

Verb edit

參考

to reference; to consult; to refer to
參考答案／参考答案 ― cānkǎo dá'àn ― reference answer

參考翻譯／参考翻译 ― cānkǎo fānyì ― reference translation
to take an examination
refer also to; see

Synonyms edit

(to reference):

參照／参照 (cānzhào)
參看／参看 (cānkàn)
參見／参见 (cānjiàn)
參閱／参阅 (cānyuè)

(refer also to): 參見／参见 (cānjiàn), 參看／参看 (cānkàn)

Derived terms edit

僅供參考／仅供参考 (jǐngōngcānkǎo)
參考冊／参考册 (chham-khó-chheh) (Min Nan)
參考文獻／参考文献 (cānkǎo wénxiàn)
參考書／参考书 (cānkǎoshū)
參考系／参考系 (cānkǎoxì)

Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
參	考
さん Hyōgaiji	こう Grade: 2
on’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 參考 – see the following entry.

【参考さんこう】

[noun] reference; consultation

[verb] to refer to, to consult

(This term, 參考, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean edit

Hanja in this term
參	考

Noun edit

參考 • (chamgo) (hangeul 참고)

Hanja form^? of 참고 (“reference; consultation”).

Vietnamese edit

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
參	考

Verb edit

參考

chữ Hán form of tham khảo (“to consult (material); to reference”).