警察
Chinese edit
to alert; to warn; police | examine; inquire; observe examine; inquire; observe; inspect; look into; to examine | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (警察) | 警 | 察 | |
simp. #(警察) | 警 | 察 |
Pronunciation edit
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jin3 ca2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җинца (žinca, I-I)
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ging2 caat3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kín-chhat
- Jin (Wiktionary): jing2 ca1
- Eastern Min (BUC): gīng-chák
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): kèng-chhat / kéng-chhat
- (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng6 cag4
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 5cin-tshaq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˇ ㄔㄚˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jǐngchá
- Wade–Giles: ching3-chʻa2
- Yale: jǐng-chá
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiingchar
- Palladius: цзинча (czinča)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: jin3 ca2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ginca
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵³ t͡sʰa²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җинца (žinca, I-I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ²⁴ t͡sʰa²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ging2 caat3
- Yale: gíng chaat
- Cantonese Pinyin: ging2 tsaat8
- Guangdong Romanization: ging2 cad3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɪŋ³⁵ t͡sʰaːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kín-chhat
- Hakka Romanization System: gin` cad`
- Hagfa Pinyim: gin3 cad5
- Sinological IPA: /kin³¹ t͡sʰat̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: jing2 ca1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕĩŋ⁵³ t͡sʰa¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gīng-chák
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ (t͡sʰ-)ʒɑʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèng-chhat
- Tâi-lô: kìng-tshat
- Phofsit Daibuun: keangzhad
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sʰat̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰat̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sʰat̚⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰat̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kéng-chhat
- Tâi-lô: kíng-tshat
- Phofsit Daibuun: kefngzhad
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰat̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰat̚³²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gêng6 cag4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kĕng tshak
- Sinological IPA (key): /keŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰak̚²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Wu
Noun edit
警察
- (uncountable) police; police force
- 警察暴力 ― jǐngchá bàolì ― police brutality
- (countable) police officer (Classifier: 名; 位)
- 便衣警察 ― biànyī jǐngchá ― plainclothes police officer
Usage notes edit
- Whilst 警察 usually refers to the police and police officers outside mainland China, the equivalent institution in mainland China is officially known as 公安 (gōng'ān), literally, "public security".
Synonyms edit
Dialectal synonyms of 警察 (“police; police officer”) [map]
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Zhuang: gingjcaz
Verb edit
警察
- (literary) to be vigilant; to be alert; to watch out
- (literary) to examine oneself critically; to examine one's thoughts and conduct
- (literary) to supervise; to monitor
Synonyms edit
- (to supervise):
Japanese edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
警 | 察 |
けい Grade: 6 |
さつ Grade: 4 |
on’yomi |
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- police
- 警察に逮捕される。
- Keisatsu ni taiho sareru.
- Arrested by the police.
- 警察に逮捕される。
- Short for 警察署 (keisatsusho, “police station”).
Derived terms edit
- 警察官 (keisatsukan, “police officer”)
- 警察署 (keisatsusho, “police station”)
- 警察庁 (keisatsuchō, “National Police Agency”)
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean edit
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
警 | 察 |
Noun edit
Okinawan edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
警 | 察 |
きー Grade: 6 |
さち Grade: 4 |
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
警 | 察 |
ちー Grade: 6 |
さち Grade: 4 |
Etymology edit
First used around the beginning of the Meiji period,[1] borrowed from Japanese 警察 (keisatsu).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
警察 or 警察 (kīsachi or chīsachi)
References edit
- ^ National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2001 [1963]) 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawa-go Jiten) [Dictionary of the Okinawan Language] (in Japanese), Tokyo (東京): Zaimushō Insatsu Kyoku (財務省印刷局)
Further reading edit
- “きーさち・ちーさち【警察】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
- “キーサチ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
- “チーサチ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
Vietnamese edit
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
警 | 察 |
Noun edit
警察
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Cantonese terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
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- Elementary Mandarin
- zh:Law enforcement
- zh:Occupations
- zh:People
- zh:Collectives
- Japanese terms spelled with 警 read as けい
- Japanese terms spelled with 察 read as さつ
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese short forms
- ja:Law enforcement
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Okinawan terms spelled with 警 read as きー
- Okinawan terms spelled with 察 read as さち
- Okinawan terms spelled with 警 read as ちー
- Okinawan terms borrowed from Japanese
- Okinawan terms derived from Japanese
- Okinawan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan nouns
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- Okinawan terms spelled with sixth grade kanji
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- Okinawan terms written with two Han script characters
- ryu:Law enforcement
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán