霉

See also: 黴

霉 U+9709, 霉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9709 ← 霈 [U+9708] CJK Unified Ideographs 霊 → [U+970A]

Translingual

Han character

霉 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+7, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一月人田卜 (MBOWY), four-corner 1050₇, composition ⿱⻗每)

Related characters

• 黴 (Traditional form of 霉)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1375, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42302
• Dae Jaweon: page 1884, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4065, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9709

Chinese

trad.		霉
simp. #		霉

Etymology 1

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (母) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
脢	*mɯːs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
挴	*mlɯːʔ, *mɯːʔ
海	*hmlɯːʔ
毐	*ʔmɯː, *ʔmɯːʔ
呣	*mɯ
拇	*mɯʔ
母	*mɯʔ
胟	*mɯʔ
姆	*mɯʔ, *mɯs, *maːʔ
畮	*mɯʔ
踇	*mɯʔ
苺	*mɯs, *mɯːʔ, *mɯːs
莓	*mɯs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
敏	*mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ
鰵	*mrɯŋʔ
慜	*mrɯŋʔ
毋	*ma
梅	*mɯː
酶	*mɯː
鋂	*mɯː
每	*mɯːʔ
毎	*mɯːs
痗	*mɯːs, *hmɯːs
晦	*hmɯːs
誨	*hmɯːs
悔	*hmɯːʔ, *hmɯːs
霉	*mrɯl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *mrɯl) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 每 (OC *mɯːʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): méi (mei²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄟˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mui⁴ / mei⁴
• Gan (Wiktionary): mi⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): mûi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bhuê⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶me

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: méi
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄟˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: méi
    • Wade–Giles: mei²
    • Yale: méi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mei
    • Palladius: мэй (mɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /meɪ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mui⁴ / mei⁴
    • Yale: mùih / mèih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mui⁴ / mei⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: mui⁴ / méi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /muːi̯²¹/, /mei̯²¹/

Note:

• mui4 - colloquial;
• mei4 - variant.

• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: mi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mûi
    • Tâi-lô: muî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: muii
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /muĩ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /muĩ¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bhuê⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: buê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /bue⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶me
    • MiniDict: me^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³me
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /me²³/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*mrɯl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	霉
Reading #	1/1
No.	9320
Phonetic component	母
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	眉
Old Chinese	/*mrɯl/
Notes	黴晚起分化字

Definitions

霉

1. to become moldy; mildewed
2. (Cantonese, of garment) worn out

   件衫著到霉晒都唔肯抌。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   件衫着到霉晒都唔肯抌。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   gin⁶ saam¹ zoek³ dou³ mui⁴ saai³ dou¹ m⁴ hang² dam². [Jyutping]

   (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Compounds

• 倒霉 (dǎoméi)
• 曲霉 (qūméi)
• 發霉 (fāméi)
• 霉乾菜 (méigāncài)
• 霉味
• 霉天
• 霉氣 (méiqì)
• 霉濕
• 霉爛 (méilàn)
• 霉運 (méiyùn)
• 霉雨 (méiyǔ)
• 霉頭

 

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04480
• “霉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Etymology 2

Glyph origin

Designated as the simplified form of 黴 in the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (漢字簡化方案) (1956).

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 霉 – see 黴 (“mold; mildew; must”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 黴).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04782-010

Japanese

Kanji

霉

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. mold

Readings

• On (unclassified): ばい (bai); め (me)
• Kun: つゆ (tsuyu); しめる (shimeru, 霉る); しみ (shimi); かび (kabi); かびる (kabiru, 霉びる)

Korean

Hanja

霉 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae, Yale may)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

霉: Hán Nôm readings: mai, môi

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation