Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwaþeraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷóteros, from *kʷos (“which”). Cognate with Sanskrit कतर (katará), Ancient Greek πότερος (póteros), Proto-Slavic *koterъjь / *kotorъjь, Latin uter.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈxʷɑ.θe.rɑz/

Determiner edit

*hwaþeraz

which, what (of two, interrogative)

Inflection edit

Declension of *hwaþeraz (a-stem, strong only)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*hwaþeraz	*hwaþirai	*hwaþerō	*hwaþerôz	hwaþerą, -at(ō)	*hwaþerō
accusative	*hwaþeranǭ	*hwaþeranz	*hwaþerǭ	*hwaþerōz	hwaþerą, -at(ō)	*hwaþerō
genitive	hwaþeras, hwaþiris	*hwaþiraizǫ̂	*hwaþiraizōz	*hwaþiraizǫ̂	hwaþeras, hwaþiris	*hwaþiraizǫ̂
dative	*hwaþerammai	*hwaþiraimaz	*hwaþiraizōi	*hwaþiraimaz	*hwaþerammai	*hwaþiraimaz
instrumental	*hwaþeranō	*hwaþiraimiz	*hwaþiraizō	*hwaþiraimiz	*hwaþeranō	*hwaþiraimiz

Derived terms edit

*hwaþerazuh

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

Proto-West Germanic: *hwaþar
- Old English: hwæþer
  - Middle English: whether
    - Scots: quhether, quhither, whedder
    - English: whether
  - ⇒ Old English: ǣġhwæþer, ǣġþer, āðer
    - Middle English: either, æȝþer, ethir, eiþer, outher
      - English: either
      - Scots: aither
- Old Frisian: hweder
- Old Saxon: hwēthar
- Old Dutch: *wether
  - Middle Dutch: weder
    - Dutch: weder, weer
      - Afrikaans: weer
    - Limburgish: wieër
- Old High German: wedar
  - Middle High German: weder
    - Alemannic German: weder
    - Cimbrian: bèdar
    - German: weder
Old Norse: hvaðarr, hvárr
- Icelandic: hvor; hvorki (from Old Norse hvárt + -gi)
- Faroese: hvørki
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kvar, korkje, kven
- Old Swedish: hvār; hvarke, hvarkin
  - Swedish: var; varken
- Danish: hver
  - Norwegian Bokmål: hver
Gothic: 𐍈𐌰𐌸𐌰𐍂 (ƕaþar)