bravo
Translingual edit
Noun edit
bravo
- Alternative letter-case form of Bravo of the ICAO/NATO radiotelephony alphabet.
English edit
Etymology edit
From Italian bravo. Doublet of brave.
Pronunciation edit
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈbɹɑvoʊ/, /bɹɑˈvoʊ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈbɹɑːvəʊ/, /bɹɑːˈvəʊ/
- Rhymes: -ɑːvəʊ, Rhymes: -əʊ
Audio (CA): (file)
Noun edit
bravo (plural bravos or bravoes or bravi)
- (plural "bravi") A hired soldier; an assassin; a desperado.
- 1753, Theophilus Cibber, The Lives of the Poets of Great Britain and Ireland (1753)[1]:
- As for Rochester, he had not genius enough to enter the lists with Dryden, so he fell upon another method of revenge; and meanly hired bravoes to assault him.
- 1911, H. Rider Haggard, Red Eve[2]:
- "Why should I fight the King of England's bravoes?" inquired Acour in a languid voice of those who stood about him, a question at which they laughed.
- 1953, Raymond Chandler, The Long Goodbye, Penguin, published 2010, page 104:
- Because the headache will always be there, a weapon that never wears out and is as deadly as the bravo’s rapier or Lucrezia's poison vial.
- A shout of "bravo!"
- 1907, Kate Dickinson Sweetser, Boys and girls from Thackeray[3]:
- There was a roar of bravoes rang through the house; Pen bellowing with the loudest.
- (international standards, plural "bravos") Alternative letter-case form of Bravo from the NATO/ICAO Phonetic Alphabet.
Synonyms edit
- (hired soldier): see Thesaurus:mercenary
Interjection edit
bravo!
- Used to express acclaim, especially to a performer.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:well done
- Bravo, you have done a brilliant job!
Usage notes edit
Sometimes the (non-anglicized) Italian female form brava is used for a woman, and the Italian plural forms brave f pl and bravi pl (masculine or mixed).
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb edit
bravo (third-person singular simple present bravos or bravoes, present participle bravoing, simple past and past participle bravoed)
- To cheer or applaud, especially by saying bravo!
- 1910, May Agnes Fleming, The Baronet's Bride[4]:
- "And my Sunbeam was bravoed, and encored, and crowned with flowers, was she not?"
- 1899, Richard Le Gallienne, Young Lives[5]:
- Together they had bravoed the great tragedians, and together hopelessly worshipped the beautiful faces, enskied and sainted, of famous actresses.
Asturian edit
Adjective edit
bravo
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ˈbrɑʋo(ː)/, [ˈbrɑ̝ʋo̞(ː)]
- IPA(key): /brɑˈʋo(ː)/, [brɑ̝ˈʋo̞(ː)]
- IPA(key): /ˈbrɑːʋo/, [ˈbrɑ̝ːʋo̞]
- Rhymes: -ɑʋo
- Syllabification(key): bra‧vo
Interjection edit
bravo
Further reading edit
- “bravo”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][6] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-12-12
French edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Italian bravo. Doublet of brave.
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
bravo
- bravo!, hear, hear!, well said!, well done!
Noun edit
bravo m (plural bravos)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “bravo”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese bravo, from Latin barbarus,[1] which was frequently found in Galician medieval Latin documentation with the meaning of "uncultivated, fallow".[2] Alternatively from Vulgar Latin *bravus or *brabus, from a fusion of Latin prāvus and barbarus.
Adjective edit
bravo (feminine brava, masculine plural bravos, feminine plural bravas)
- uncultivated, harsh, rough (when referring to a land)
- 1334, M. Lucas Alvarez & P. P. Lucas Domínguez (eds. ), San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Santiago: Caixa Galicia, page 487:
- et nos dedes delle en cada ano terça do pan e do viño, e de lino e de liguma do feytuo, e do monte bravo que aromperdes
- and you'll give us each year a third of the grain and of the wine, of the flax, and of the pulses, and of the uncultivated lands that you could plough up
- 1334, M. Lucas Alvarez & P. P. Lucas Domínguez (eds. ), San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Santiago: Caixa Galicia, page 487:
- wild, spontaneous (when referring to a plant)
- Synonym: ventureiro
- wild, untamed (when referring to an animal)
- Synonym: salvaxe
- harsh, fierce
- 1364, Clara Rodríguez Núñez (ed.), "Santa María de Belvís, un convento mendicante femenino en la Baja Edad Media (1305-1400)", Estudios Mindonienses, 5, page 441:
- son ende quatro boys, dous bravos et dous massos
- there are four oxen: two are fierce and two are meek
- Synonym: fero
- 1364, Clara Rodríguez Núñez (ed.), "Santa María de Belvís, un convento mendicante femenino en la Baja Edad Media (1305-1400)", Estudios Mindonienses, 5, page 441:
- strong (when referring to a beverage) or hot spicy
- Synonym: forte
- bold, valiant
Derived terms edit
- besta brava (“wild horse”)
- Bravos
- porco bravo (“wild pig”)
- faneca brava (“lesser weever”)
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Interjection edit
bravo!
References edit
- “bravo” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “bravo” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “bravo” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “bravo” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “bravo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- ^ barbaras in Gallaeciae Monumenta Historica.
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
bravo
Further reading edit
- “bravo” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Uncertain. Probably from Vulgar Latin *bravus, from a fusion of Latin prāvus and barbarus.[1] Less likely from Provençal brau (“show-off”), from Gaulish *bragos (compare Middle Irish breagha (modern breá) 'fine', Breton braga 'to strut').[2] Or perhaps borrowed from a descendant of Proto-Germanic *hrawaz (“raw, uncooked”). Or possibly from a root *bravus, from bravium. Borrowed into French and English as brave.
Pierre Carpentier, in an 18th-century edition of du Cange's 17th-century dictionary of medieval and modern Latin, argued Latin branus originated in a misreading of Italian and Spanish bravo.[3] However, George Nicholson argues the opposite in a 1950 Festschrift article, namely bravo being a misreading of Latin branus, which would have the origin du Cange had originally argued for, from Old French brahaigne (“barren”) (see barren).[2] Compare English gravy, possibly a misreading of French grané (“stew”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
bravo (feminine brava, masculine plural bravi, feminine plural brave, superlative bravissimo)
- (prepositional) good, well-behaved
- good, skilful, capable, clever, fine
- good, obedient
- (obsolete) brave, bold
- (obsolete) wild, untamed (of animals)
- (obsolete) harsh (of places)
Related terms edit
Noun edit
bravo m (plural bravi)
Interjection edit
bravo m (feminine brava, masculine plural bravi, feminine plural brave)
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “bravo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 http://blog.oup.com/2013/11/brave-etymology-word-origin/
- ^ http://ducange.enc.sorbonne.fr/BRANA
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese bravo, possibly from Vulgar Latin *bravus or *brabus, from a fusion of Latin prāvus and barbarus.
Alternative forms edit
- brabo (regionalism)
Adjective edit
bravo (feminine brava, masculine plural bravos, feminine plural bravas, comparable, comparative mais bravo, superlative o mais bravo or bravíssimo, diminutive bravinho, augmentative bravão)
- angry; furious, annoyed
- Synonyms: furioso, irado, raivoso, enraivecido
- Fico bravo quando você entra sem bater.
- I get angry when you enter without knocking first.
- brave; valiant, courageous
- coarse; uneducated, uncivilized
- prone to irritation, easily angered, bad-tempered, choleric
- Synonyms: genioso, irritadiço
- rigorous, authoritarian
- (of a person, or situation) difficult, unmanageable
- (of an animal) undomesticated
- (of a plant, or vegetable) spontaneous, weed
- Synonym: espontâneo
- (of the land) uncultivated
- (of the sea) stormy
- Synonym: tempestuoso
- (Brazil, slang) a term akin to English dope, hard; meaning cool or good, usually with aggressive connotation
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
bravo m (plural bravos)
- (Brazil) a certain part of an oxcart
- (North Brazil) a neophyte to rubber tapping, a novice seringueiro
Etymology 2 edit
Interjection edit
bravo!
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French bravo or Italian bravo.
Interjection edit
bravo
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old Spanish bravo, possibly from Vulgar Latin *bravus or *brabus, from a fusion of Latin prāvus and barbarus (or from metathesis of an intermediate form *babru-).[1]
Adjective edit
bravo (feminine brava, masculine plural bravos, feminine plural bravas, superlative bravísimo)
- angry, furious
- bold, courageous
- Synonym: valiente
- skilful, capable, clever, fine
- good, excellent
- agitated (sea)
- wild (animal)
- Synonym: salvaje
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Interjection edit
¡bravo!
Further reading edit
- “bravo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
References edit
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Internationalism, from Italian bravo.
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
bravo
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish براوو, from Italian bravo.
Pronunciation edit
Interjection edit
bravo!
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual nouns
- English terms borrowed from Italian
- English terms derived from Italian
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɑːvəʊ
- Rhymes:English/ɑːvəʊ/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/əʊ
- Rhymes:English/əʊ/2 syllables
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with quotations
- English interjections
- English terms with usage examples
- English verbs
- Asturian non-lemma forms
- Asturian adjective forms
- Finnish terms borrowed from Italian
- Finnish terms derived from Italian
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑʋo
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑʋo/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish interjections
- French terms borrowed from Italian
- French terms derived from Italian
- French doublets
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French interjections
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Galician terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Galician lemmas
- Galician adjectives
- Galician terms with quotations
- Galician terms borrowed from Italian
- Galician terms derived from Italian
- Galician interjections
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Italian
- Indonesian terms derived from Italian
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/vo
- Rhymes:Indonesian/vo/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian interjections
- Italian terms with unknown etymologies
- Italian terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Italian terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Provençal
- Italian terms derived from Gaulish
- Italian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Italian terms derived from Old French
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Italian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Italian/avo
- Rhymes:Italian/avo/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian adjectives
- Italian terms with obsolete senses
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian masculine nouns
- Italian interjections
- it:Theater
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/avu
- Rhymes:Portuguese/avu/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Portuguese/abu
- Rhymes:Portuguese/abu/2 syllables
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese adjectives
- Portuguese comparable adjectives
- Portuguese terms with usage examples
- Brazilian Portuguese
- Portuguese slang
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Northern Brazilian Portuguese
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Italian
- Portuguese terms derived from Italian
- Portuguese interjections
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms borrowed from Italian
- Romanian terms derived from Italian
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian interjections
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/abo
- Rhymes:Spanish/abo/2 syllables
- Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms derived from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish adjectives
- Spanish terms borrowed from Italian
- Spanish terms derived from Italian
- Spanish interjections
- Swedish internationalisms
- Swedish terms derived from Italian
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Swedish/¹ɑːvʊ
- Rhymes:Swedish/¹ɑːvʊ/2 syllables
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish interjections
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Italian
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish interjections
- tr:Theater