d'
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Contraction of the article da ("the").
Article edit
d'
- Pronunciation spelling of the, representing dialectal English.
- Synonym: da
Etymology 2 edit
Reduction.
Verb edit
d'
- Contraction of do. (only before "you" or "ye")
- D'you wanna go?
- Contraction of did. (only before "you" or "ye")
- D'you eat yet?
See also edit
- maitre d' (different etymology)
Asturian edit
Etymology edit
Contraction of the preposition de (“of, from”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
d'
Bavarian edit
Etymology edit
Unstressed form of de.
Article edit
d' f or pl
See also edit
m | n | f | pl | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | ||
definite | nominative | der, da | — | das, es, des | 's | de | d' | de | d' |
accusative | en, den | 'n | |||||||
dative | em, dem | 'm | em, dem | 'm | der, da | — | |||
genitive1 | des | des | der, da | der, da | |||||
indefinite | nominative | a | — | a | — | a | — | ||
accusative | an | 'n | |||||||
dative | am | 'm | am | 'm | a, ana | 'na |
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Contraction of the preposition de (“of, from”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
d'
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Contraction of the article de (“the”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
d'
French edit
Etymology edit
Contraction of the preposition de (“of, from”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
d’
- (before a vowel or a mute h) Apocopic form of de: of
- un verre d’eau
- a glass of water
- (informal, after a vowel sound) Apocopic form of de: of
- 2002, Jean-François Pauzé (lyrics and music), “Mon chum Rémi”, in Break Syndical, the s in pas is silent:
- Hé Rémi / fais pas d’conneries / J’t’aime ben la face / pis tu m’dois encore cinquante piasses
- Hey Rémi / stop with the nonsense / I really like your face / and you still owe me fifty dollars
Further reading edit
- “de”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): [d̪ˠ] (before a word starting with a, o, u, fha, fho, or fhu)
- IPA(key): [dʲ] (before a word starting with e, i, fhe, or fhi)
- (Ulster, colloquial) IPA(key): (prepositions only) /ə j-/[1]
Etymology 1 edit
Prevocalic apocope of do (all senses).
Particle edit
d’
- (before vowel sounds and fhr-) Apocopic form of do: Marker of the past tense.
- d’ól sé ― he drank
- d’fhág sé ― he waited
- d’fhreagair sé ― he answered
- Used before vowel sounds (including when f has been lenited to fh before a vowel) and also before fr- lenited to fhr-. The variant form used before consonants, do, is generally omitted but may be encountered in Munster Irish and in literary language.
Preposition edit
d’ (plus dative, triggers lenition)
- (before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of do: to, for
- d’athair Sheáin
- to Seán’s father, for Seán’s father
Determiner edit
d’
Alternative forms edit
- t’ (Cois Fharraige)
- th’ (Munster)
See also edit
Number | Person (and gender) | Conjunctive (emphatic) |
Disjunctive (emphatic) |
Possessive determiner |
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | mé (mise) |
mo L m' before vowel sounds | |
Second | tú (tusa)1 |
thú (thusa) |
do L d' before vowel sounds | |
Third masculine | sé (seisean) |
é (eisean) |
a L | |
Third feminine | sí (sise) |
í (ise) |
a H | |
Third neuter | — | ea | — | |
Plural | First | muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne) |
ár E | |
Second | sibh (sibhse)1 |
bhur E | ||
Third | siad (siadsan) |
iad (iadsan) |
a E |
Etymology 2 edit
Prevocalic apocopic form of de.
Preposition edit
d’ (plus dative, triggers lenition)
- (before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of de: from, of
- d’athair Sheáin
- from Seán’s father, of Seán’s father
References edit
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 191, page 73
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Contraction of the preposition di (“of, from”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
d' (apocopated)
- (sometimes before a vowel or an h) Apocopic form of di: of
- Follia d'amore ― Madness of love.
- Un bicchiere d'acqua. ― A glass of water.
Usage notes edit
In some rare cases d' represents the preposition da:
- d'ora in poi (“from now on”)
- d'ora in avanti (“from now on”)
Luxembourgish edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /d/ (before vowels and voiced consonants)
- IPA(key): /t/ (before voiceless consonants)
- IPA(key): /-/ (sometimes; see usage notes below)
Determiner edit
d' f or n
Usage notes edit
- This article form is commonly not pronounced between /t/ and another consonant, and occasionally otherwise when the combination of preceding and following consonants creates an impossible cluster. Only rarely is this muteness avoided by using the full form of the article. Rather, the lack of an indefinite article becomes a definite article by default. Occasional ambiguities, particularly in the plural, are tolerated.
Declension edit
Luxembourgish definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nom./acc. | deen (den) | déi (d') | dat (d') | déi (d') |
dat. | deem (dem) | där (der) | deem (dem) | deen (den) |
gen. | der |
Middle French edit
Preposition edit
d'
Usage notes edit
- Earlier manuscripts omit the apostrophe
- despaigne ― of Spain
Norman edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old French de, from Latin dē.
Preposition edit
d'
Occitan edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (Languedocien) (file)
Preposition edit
d'
- Alternative form of de (before a vowel)
Old French edit
Preposition edit
d'
Usage notes edit
- Unlike in modern French, de is not always elided to d' before a vowel or a mute h. It is optional.
- The apostrophe is not used in the original manuscripts, but is added by scholars for clarity.
- despaigne ― of Spain
Old Occitan edit
Preposition edit
d'
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
d’
- (used before words beginning in a vowel, archaic except in fixed expressions) Alternative form of de
Derived terms edit
Romagnol edit
Alternative forms edit
Preposition edit
d'
Sardinian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Apocopic form of de.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
d' (apocopate)
Etymology 2 edit
From the development of an epenthetic [d] in pronunciation between the prepositions cun/chin/in and the indefinite articles unu, una.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
d'
- ortographic realization of a [d] sound in certain environments
Derived terms edit
Sassarese edit
Etymology edit
Contraction of the preposition di (“of, from”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
d' (apocopate)
Scottish Gaelic edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /t̪/ (before a back vowel sound)
- IPA(key): /tʲ/ (before a front vowel sound)
Determiner edit
d’
- Apocopic form of do (“your”) (second-person singular possessive pronoun)
- A bheil fios aig d’ athair? ― Does your father know?
- Seo d’ fhaclair. ― Here’s your dictionary.
See also edit
References edit
- “d'” in R. A. Armstrong, A Gaelic Dictionary, in Two Parts, London, 1825, →OCLC.
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